Show:
Periodic Table I
Periodic Table II
Types of Matter
Models and Laws
Misc.
100
Mendeleev arranged the elements in the first periodic table in order of ____________ atomic ________. BONUS: Today, the periodic table is arranged according to ___________ atomic __________.
increasing; mass BONUS: increasing; number
100
An element's ________ ________ indicates the number of protons in it's nucleus.
atomic number
100
A _______ is a mixture that is so well mixed that you can't tell that it is made up of more than one substance.
solution
100
Elements cannot be broken down into other substances. The smallest particle of an element is the _______. BONUS: Element or NOT: carbon dioxide carbon hydrogen oxygen water sodium chloride sodium chlorine
Atom BONUS CO2 = NOT C = Element H = Element O = Element H2O = NOT NaCl = NOT Na = Element Cl = Element
100
The mass of an object is 10 grams. The volume is 2 cm³ The density of the object is... (don't forget units!!)
5 g/cm³
200
The properties of an element can be predicted based on its ______________ on the periodic table. EX: Elements in Group I are highly reactive. EX: The metallic properties of elements decrease as you move from left to right across the periods.
location
200
Metalloids are a group of elements that form a zigzag line between the metals and the nonmetals on the periodic table. Describe their characteristics.
Metalloids have some of the properties of both metals and metalloids.
200
Density is a proportion or a ratio of mass per unit volume of an object. The formula for calculating density is... D = ________ BONUS: Density is measured in units of _____
Density = Mass/volume Density equals mass divided by volume D = M/V BONUS: grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3)
200
Imagine you are squeezing a balloon filled with air. 1. What happens to the volume of the balloon as you apply pressure by squeezing it? A) the volume increases B) the volume decreases C) the volume stays the same 2. What happens to the volume when you let go, decreasing pressure? A) V increases B) V decreases C) V stays the same
1. B - volume decreases; the balloon gets smaller (volume DECREASES) as the pressure INCREASES) 2. A - volume increases; the balloon gets bigger (volume INCREASES) as the pressure DECREASES) This is Boyle's Law - In gases, there is an inverse relationship between pressure and volume. As pressure INCREASES, volume DECREASES As pressure DECREASES, volume INCREASES
200
_____________ properties are qualities of a substance that never change; they are used to identify unknown substances. Density is an example of this type of property. BONUS: Give another example of this type of property.
characteristic; finding the density of an unknown substance BONUS: melting point, boiling point
300
A material is _______ if it can be drawn out into a wire
ductile
300
Group 18 elements are called the ______ ______ because they rarely form compounds with other elements. Helium is one example.
noble gases
300
__________ are pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into other substances. EX: carbon, oxygen, neon
Elements
300
Watch the following video from 2:26 to 3:20 (copy and past in a new window...go ahead, we'll wait) http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=a8FJEiI5e6Q#! As temperature decreases, volume __________. As temperature increases, volume ____________.
decreases; increases This is Charles' Law: In gases, there is a direct relationship between temperature and volume. As temperature DECREASES, volume DECREASES As temperature INCREASES, volume INCREASES
300
The volume of an irregularly shaped object can be found using a ______ ______ and water. Volume is calculated by determining the amount of water that is displaced by the object.
A graduated cylinder
400
Atoms are made up of three particles: Inside the nucleus: _______ are positively charged _______ are neutral (no charge) Spinning around the nucleus _______ are negatively charged BONUS: The number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of _______
protons; neutrons; electrons BONUS: electrons
400
Sodium: __ = atomic number 23 = mass number __ = number of protons 12 = number of neutrons 11 = number of electrons
11; 11 atomic number = number of protons number of protons = number of electrons
400
______ is the amount of matter an object contains. A balance is the instrument used to calculate this measure. This measurement is the SAME on the moon as it is on Earth. BONUS: ______ is a measure of the force of gravity on an object and changes when the same object is on the moon.
Mass BONUS: Weight
400
Draw a picture of a water molecule containing two small hydrogen atoms and one large oxygen atom.
●-❍-● Or something that looks like Mikey Mouse ears
400
A _________ change alters the identity of a substance. Give an example of this type of change.
chemical Examples: burning cooking/baking food digestion
500
The properties of elements ___________ in a pattern across a row of the periodic table. The properties of elements are ___________ down a column of the periodic table.
change; similar
500
Magnesium: 12 = atomic number __ = mass number 12 = protons 12 = neutrons __ = electrons
24; 12 mass number = protons + neutrons electrons = protons
500
_______ change occurs when a substance changes form only and not its identity. BONUS: Give an example of this type of change
Physical BONUS: tearing paper, chopping wood, dissolving sugar in water (or salt), melting, freezing, boiling.
500
Draw a carbon dioxide molecule that contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms; each oxygen atom is attached to the carbon atom by a double bond
❍=©=❍
500
_______ are pure substances that are made up of two or more elements that cannot be broken apart except by chemical means. Give an example of this type of pure substance.
Compounds Examples: carbon dioxide sodium chloride water hydrochloric acid