Chemical reactions
In Chemistry, what is a spontaneous reaction?
A reaction that occurs without any outside influence
What happens in an endothermic reaction?
A system takes in heat energy from the surroundings
What is the symbol for entropy?
(S)
Increased concentration causes higher collision frequency, is this true or false?
True
What is a non-spontaneous reaction?
A reaction that will not happen without external influence.
What happens in an exothermic reaction?
Heat energy is transferred from a system to the surroundings
What is the symbol for enthalpy change?
∆H
What is “order of reaction” with respect to a reactant?
It is the power of the reactant’s concentration in the rate equation
According to Lewis what is an acid and a base?
An acid is an electron pair acceptor – a base is an electron pair donor
What is specific heat capacity?
Energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of substance by 1K
What is entropy?
It is a measure of how the available energy is distributed among the particles.
What is “rate of reaction”?
It is the speed at which reactants are used up or products are formed
What can chemical reactions be classified as?
As either exothermic or endothermic
What is the “overall order of reaction”?
It is the sum of the powers of the concentrations in the rate equation.
What is enthalpy change?
The enthalpy change is the amount of heat energy taken in or given out in a chemical reaction
What factors that can be changed in an equilibrium reaction?
Temperature, pressure and concentration
How to calculate the entropy change for a reaction?
entropy change = total entropy of products − total entropy of reactants
There are 5 factors that influence the rate of reaction, name only 3?
Concentration of reactants
Pressure
Surface area of solid reactants
Temperature
Catalysis
What is Bond enthalpy?
Enthalpy change when one mole of covalent bonds, in a gaseous molecule, is broken under standard conditions
What is Le Chatelier’s principle?
If a system at equilibrium is subjected to change, it will shift in order to minimize the effect of that change.