Describing Chemical Reactions
A chemical reaction that absorbs heat and therefore feels cold.
What is an endothermic reaction?
A representation of a chemical reaction using symbols of the elements.
What is a chemical equation?
A ________ dissolves into a ________ to form a solution.
What is a solute dissolves into a solvent?
The only substance with a pH of 7.
What is water?
___ HCl + ___ NaOH --> ___ H2O + ___ NaOH
1 HCl + 1 NaOH --> 1 H2O + 1 NaOH
Reactions involve changes in these two observable things.
What are changes in properties and energy?
Often written as the number of grams per milliliter of water (g/mL H2O).
What is concentration?
A solution is formed what water pulls a chemical apart into its _______.
What are ions?
A solution with hydrogen (H+) ions, causing the pH to be less than 7.
What is an acid?
___ H2O --> ___ H2 + ___ O2
2 H2O --> 2 H2 + 1 O2
The solid that separates out of a solution during some chemical reactions.
What is a precipitate?
Surface Area, Concentration, and Temperature.
What are the three things that affect the rate (speed) of a reaction?
Milk is an example of this type of mixture.
What is a colloid?
The ions in a base that cause its pH to be more than 7.
What are hydroxide (OH-) ions?
___ CH4+ ___ O2 --> ___ CO2 + ___ H2O
1 CH4+ 2 O2 --> 1 CO2 + 2 H2O
The type of reaction in which and acid and base produce a salt and water.
What is neutralization?
This lowers the amount of energy needed to start a reaction.
What is a catalyst?
Not all of the substance could dissolve in this solution.
What is a supersaturated solution?
The flavor of an alkaline (basic) food.
What is bitter?
___ Pb(NO3)2 +___ KI --> ___ PbI2 +___ KNO3
1 Pb(NO3)2 +2 KI --> 1 PbI2 +2 KNO3
Matter is neither created nor destroyed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The energy needed to start a reaction is called _______.
What is activation energy?
The three factors that affect the solubility of a substance.
Acids react with these two things, but bases don't.
What are metals and carbonates?
___ Fe2O3 --> ___ Fe + ___ O2
2 Fe2O3 --> 4 Fe + 3 O2