Relaxers
What bond is broken during a chemical relaxer?
Disulfide bonds
What bond is broken and reformed in a perm?
Disulfide bonds
What test determines allergic reaction?
Patch test
Name 2 types of perm rods.
Concave, Straight, Loop, Bender
What is the natural pH of hair and skin?
4.5–5.5
What is lanthionization?
Conversion of disulfide bond to lanthionine bond
Which perm type uses ATG, pH 9–9.6?
Alkaline/Cold Wave
What test detects metallic dyes?
Metallic salts test
Name 2 types of end paper wraps
Double flat, Single flat, Bookend
What is the pH range of thio relaxers?
9.0–10.0
What are the three relaxer strengths?
Mild, Regular, Super
Which perm is best for fine, fragile
True Acid Wave
Why are strand tests important?
Check processing and strength
What is croquignole wrapping?
Hair wrapped from ends to scalp, overlapping
What is the pH range of true acid waves?
4.5–6.0
What is the pH range of sodium hydroxide relaxers
12.5–14
Difference between overprocessed vs. underprocessed hair?
Overprocessed = weak curl; Underprocessed = little/no curl
What is applied to protect scalp during relaxer?
Base cream
What is bricklay wrapping?
Offset rod placement to avoid splits
What is the active ingredient in alkaline waves?
Ammonium thioglycolate
What type of relaxer is ATG?
Thio relaxer
Which wrap is best for extra-long hair?
Double-rod wrap AKA piggy back
What must you do before all chemical services?
Consultation and analysis of hair/scalp
What is a protective base cream used for?
Protect scalp/skin from chemicals
What is the active ingredient in acid waves?
Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)