CHEMISTRY BASICS
UNIQUE SCIENCE
LAB EQUIPMENT
ELEMENTS
MIXTURES
100
What is chemistry?
This is the study of matter, what it is made of, and how it changes.
100
What is carbon dioxide?
Plants take in this gas from the air and use it to make their own food during photosynthesis.
100
What is the name of this equipment?
beaker
100
What is an element?
A pure substance made of only one type of atom.
100
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
200
What is a liquid?
This state of matter can flow to take the shape of its container, but it always keeps the same volume.
200
What is ice?
Solid water floats in liquid water because it is one of the very few substances that becomes less dense when it freezes.
200
Name of this equipment?
test tube
200
What does the atomic number tell us?
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus. Or the order of the element in periodic table
200
Is air a mixture or a pure substance?
Mixture. Air contains several gases, including nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
300
What is evaporation?
You see this physical change when a rain puddle slowly disappears on a sunny day.
300
Which gas makes up the largest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen (N₂).
300
This tall, narrow container is marked with detailed lines to measure exactly how much liquid is inside.
graduated cylinder
300
Which element has the symbol O?
oxygen
300
How can you separate sand and water?
By filtration.
400
What is the nucleus?
This tiny, dense center of an atom holds all of its protons and neutrons.
400
A balloon is filled with helium. Why does it rise in air?
Helium is less dense than the surrounding air, so the buoyant force can lift the balloon.
400
Tripod
400
An atom has 11 protons. What element is it?
Sodium (Na).
400
How can you separate salt from salt water?
By evaporation. The water evaporates and the salt remains.
500
What is rusting (or oxidation)?
This chemical change occurs when iron reacts with oxygen and water, creating a flaky, red-brown substance on an old bike chain.
500
A student is given a substance that contains hydrogen and oxygen. The substance always contains hydrogen and oxygen in a fixed ratio, and it has properties completely different from the elements hydrogen and oxygen.
Question: Is the substance an element, mixture, or compound? Explain your answer.
Compound.
Hydrogen and oxygen are chemically bonded in a fixed ratio, producing a new substance with different properties.
500
Bunsen burner
500
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
Element: contains only one type of atom.
Compound: contains two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
500
A mixture contains iron filings, sand, and salt. Describe how you would separate all three substances.
- Use a magnet to remove the iron filings.
- Add water to dissolve the salt.
- Filter the mixture to separate sand.
- Evaporate the water to obtain the salt.