Chemistry 1st Semester Review

Matter

100

Which of these is a chemical property?

A) color

B) ability to react with oxygen

C) hardness

D) freezing point

B) ability to react with oxygen

200

Describe the difference between a chemical change and a physical change

Chemical change changes the substance into something new, physical change does not change the substance into something new

300

Define pure substance

Pure substances, such as elements or compounds, can only be broken down by chemical means.

400

Dry ice subliming into carbon dioxide gas is a _______ change.

Physical change

500

Which of these is a pure substance?

A) gold

B) oil and water

C) milk

D) concrete

A) gold

Atomic Structure

100

An electron is located ________ in an atom

outside the nucleus

200

What element has an atomic number of 42?

Molybdenum

300

How is an ion different from an atom?

Atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons. Ions have different numbers of protons and electrons.

400

For an ion of S^-2, how many protons and electrons does it have?

P+ = 16

e- = 18

500

Why do isotopes have different masses?

Isotopes are atoms of the same element but have different number of neutrons

Periodic Table & E. Configuration

100

A horizontal row on the periodic table is called ______.

period

200

How many electrons will Ca gain or lose to form an ion?

lose 2--it's a metal

300

Which set of elements contains a metalloid?

A) K, Na, Rb

B) Au, Ag, Cu

C) F, Cl, Br

D) C, Si, Sn

D) C, Si, Sn

400

What is the electron configuration of scandium?

a. [Ar]4s²3p¹        

b. [Ar]4s²3d¹        

c. [Ar]4s²4p¹        

d.  [Ar]4s²4d¹

b. [Ar]4s²3d¹ 

500

Which of the following electron configurations represents the particle that is the most stable (unreactive) chemically?

a.  1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p²

b. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶

c.  1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹        

d.  1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁵

b. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶

Ionic Bonding

100

What types of elements make up an ionic compound?

Metal and nonmetal

200

27. When the aluminum ion, Al³⁺, combines with the chloride ion, Cl^1- , the formula for the compound is

a.  AlCl            

b. Al₃Cl            

c. AlCl₂            

d. AlCl₃

d. AlCl₃

300

Which formula represents an ionic compound?

a.  HCl            

b. NaCl        

c. H₂O            

d. CH₄

b. NaCl  

400

The name for BaSO₄ is _________.

a.  barium sulfur oxide        

b. barium sulfide        

c.  barium sulfite    

d. barium sulfate

d. barium sulfate

500

Whiteboard time.

Draw the lewis dot structure for NaCl

No images allowed :(

Covalent Bonding

100

What is the formula for trisulfur diphosphide?

S₃P₂

200

The name of P₂O₅ is

a.  potassium oxide            

b. diphosphorus oxide

c.  diphosphorus pentoxide        

d. phosphorus pentaoxide

c.  diphosphorus pentoxide

300

When is the prefix mono used?

Only on the second element in a covalent compound.

400

What is wrong with the name dicarbon oxide?

The second element is missing a prefix

500

Why are prefixes used for covalent naming but not ionic naming?

Ionic compounds use the criss-cross rule. Covalent compounds need to specify the number of atoms.