Chemistry

The Atom

100

What are the subatomic particles?

Protons, neutrons and electrons.

200

Give the formula for working out the number of electrons in a shell and how many electrons would be found in the fifth shell.

2n²         50 electrons

300

Give the electron configuration for Na.

2, 8, 1

400

The current model of the atom is based on the model proposed by which Scientist?

Niels Bohr

500

If an element is given energy and produces orange, yellow or red light, is the distance that the electron jumps between shells short or long?

Short.

The Periodic table

100

State the purpose of the group number and the period number.

Group number - number of electrons in the valence shell (except the transition metals).

Period number - number of shells in the atom.

200

What is the particular property that gives rise to Group 18?

Theses gases are all non-reactive.

300

What is the mass number of Fluorine and therefore what is known about the atoms of this element?

Mass number = 19

9 protons and 10 neutrons

400

What happens to the size of the atom as you track down a group?

Atomic size increases.

500

What determines the placement of an element in the periodic table.

Properties and atomic number.

Bonding

100

Define a cation and an anion.

Cation - positively charged atom

Anion - negatively charged atom

200

Ionic bonding occurs between...

Metal cations and non-metal anions.

300

State a property of a substance that is ionically bonded.

Brittle

Electrically non-conductive solid

Electrically conductive as a solution

Dissociates in water.

400

Define metallic bonding and state a property of a substance that is formed through metallic bonding.

Bonding between metal cations with a sea of delocalised electrons.

Conduct heat/electricity, malleable, ductile

500

Define covalent bonding and state a property of a substance that is formed through metallic bonding.

Bonding between two non-metal atoms that share valence electrons.

Usually a gas, sometimes solid, conductive/non-conductive

Radiation

100

What are the units of measurement for radiation dosage?

Sieverts

200

What are the types of particle radiation?

Alpha and Beta

300

Cell mutation occurs when ionising energy damages what?

DNA

400

What is a radioisotope?

An atom with the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons and produces radiation.

500

A particular radioisotope has a half-life of 5 days. If there was initially 256 atoms in the sample, how many atoms are left after 15 days.

32 atoms

Chemical equations

100

How many hydrogen atoms does acetic acid (vinegar) have; CH₃COOH?

4

200

What is the name given to an exothermic reaction that involves the burning of a fuel? 

Combustion reaction.

300

Give the balanced chemical equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

6CO₂ + 6H₂O --> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ --> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

400

Potassium chloride is reacted with silver nitrate. Give the name and formula of the precipitate.

Silver chloride      AgCl

500

Write the word and balanced chemical equation for the following reaction:

Sarah added some sulphuric acid acid to a piece of calcium carbonate. She immediately noticed some bubbles forming and when she returned later there was a white precipitate and a clear liquid.

sulphuric acid + calcium carbonate --> carbon dioxide + water + calcium sulphate

H₂SO₄ + CaCO₃ --> CO₂ + H₂O + CaSO₄