Substance
The study of substances that contain the element carbon; all living things are made of compounds that contain carbon.
What is Organic Chemistry?
A combination of two or more substances united physically in any proportions without a fixed composition.
What is a physical mixture?
The percentage of the human body that is composed of water.
What is 65%?
This measures a substance's acidity or alkalinity.
What is the pH, or potential hydrogen, of a substance?
These wash away excess oiliness while keeping the hair from drying out.
What are Balancing shampoos?
The study of substances that do not contain carbon but may contain hydrogen. Inorganic substances are not, and never were, alive.
What is Inorganic Chemistry?
These are classified as oxides, acids, bases, and salts.
What are Chemical compounds?
Rainwater or chemically treated water.
What is soft water?
This means that a change of one whole number represents a 10-fold change in pH.
What is an logarithmic scale?
These are also known as rinse-out conditioners.
What are Instant conditioners?
Examples of inorganic substances are minerals, air, and ____________.
What is water, ammonia, metals and air?
These are compounds of any element combined with oxygen.
What are oxides?
This makes pH possible because only aqueous (water) solutions have pH.
What is the ionization of water?
These solutions contract and harden the hair.
What are solutions with a pH below 7.0, or acidic?
These help to rebalance and restore the pH level of the hair by neutralizing any alkali or unwanted residues that remain in the hair after chemically relaxing the hair.
What are Neutralizing shampoos?
Anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight).
What is matter?
These are easy to mix together.
The pH of pure water
What is a pH of 7 or neutral?
These have a pH above 7.0 and soften and swell the hair.
What are Alkalis solutions?
Antifungal agents such as pyrithione zinc, selenium sulfide, or ketoconazole, which help control dandruff by suppressing the growth of malassezia, the fungus that causes dandruff.
What do Medicated shampoos contain?
The basic building blocks of all matter and are the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical identity of the chemical.
What are atoms?
A physical mixture of two immiscible liquids held together by an emulsifying agent.
What is an emulsion?
This has two distinct parts: the head of the molecule is hydrophilic (water-loving) and the tail is lipophilic (oil-loving).
What is a surfactant molecule?
When acids and alkalis are mixed together in equal proportions.
What is when substances are neutralized, and form water and a salt.
These are mild cream shampoos that contain moisturizing agents (humectants) designed either to “lock in” the moisturizing properties of the product or to draw moisture into the hair.
What are conditioning shampoos?