The Atom
What are the names of the three particles forming atoms and what electrical charge do they have?
Protons, positive charge
Neutrons, no electrical charge
Electrons, negative charge
To which group do Alkali metals belong to and why are there grouped here?
Group 1. They have only one electron in their outer shell.
What are the elements of Group 8 usually called?
The noble gases
What is an oxidation reaction?
Any reaction where a substance combines with oxygen.
What sort of reaction is rusting?
Oxidation reaction
Describe the structure of atoms by telling where are each of its particles located.
Protons and neutrons are found at the center in an area called the nucleus.
Electrons move around the nucleus in the orbits or shells.
Tell three characteristics shared by alkali metals.
Shiny
Soft
Very reactive
Must be kept under oil
Have a single atom in the last shell
Why are the noble gases so stable?
Their outer shell is full.
Tell the reactants and products for combustion reactions.
Products: energy (light, heat, sometimes sound), smoke.
The arrangement of atoms in the water molecule remains the same. The water simply changes from a solid state to a liquid one, but it is still water.
What is the atomic number?
What is the mass number?
Atomic number: The amount of protons an atom contains.
Mass number: The amount of protons and neutrons an element has in total.
Give the name and symbol for three alkali metals.
Li lithium
Na sodium
K potassium
Rb rubidium
Cs caesium
Fr francium
What happens to the size of atoms as we move to the left on the periodic table?
They become smaller/ decrease in size
What is the word equation for the following reaction.
Fe + O --->
iron + oxygen ---> iron oxide.
What is the word equation of the following reaction
Ca + H2O --->
Atomic number: 18
Mass number: 40
Ar:
18 electrons
18 protons
22 neutrons
To which group do the halogens belong to and why?
Group 7, their outer shell presents 7 electrons.
What is the name of the scientist who designed the periodic table?
Mendeleiev
When you get out of a pool you may feel cold. Using your understanding of endothermic processes explain why.
Little drops of water on the skin start absorbing energy from their surroundings (from the skin as well), until they have enough energy and change from a liquid state to a gas state. We might feel cold because of the energy taken from the skin by these droplets.
What are the products for the reactions between a metal and a dilute acid?
The exact way in which electrons are arranged in electron shells or orbits around the nucleus of an atom.
Give the names and symbols for three elements belonging to the halogen group.
F fluorine
Cl chlorine
Br bromine
I iodine
At astatine
Tell three elements found in Group 8 of the periodic table, along with their symbols.
Helium He
Neon Ne
Argon Ar
Krypton Kr
Xenon Xe
What is the word equation for the following reaction.
Na + HCl --->
Write the word equation for the reaction between zinc and nitric acid.
zinc + nitric acid ---> zinc nitrate + hydogen