Solutions
What is the substance doing the dissolving in a solution?
solvent
What is it called when a solution contains less solute than it could at equiibrium?
unsaturated
List three ways the solution process can be sped up.
Heating up, stirring, and crushing (increasing surface area)
What are compounds that dissolve in water to produce ions that can conduct an electrical current?
electrolytes
What kind of colloid is a liquid or solid suspended in a gas?
aerosol
What is the substance being dissolved in a solution?
solute
What is it called when a solution contains more solute than it could under equilibrium conditions?
supersaturated
What states that at a given temperature, the equilibrium concentration of a dissolved gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas?
Henry's Law
What is an increase in boiling point due to a nonvolatile solute known as?
boiling point elevation
What is the substance called that is doing the dispersing in a colloid?
dispersing medium
What is the term used when substances in the same phase are completely soluble in each other?
miscible
What kind of equilibrium is solution equilibrium?
dynamic equilibrium
What kind of property depends on the number of particles present?
colligative
What is a decrease in freezing point due to a nonvolatile solute called?
freezing point depression
What is the name of the milky appearance that colloids produce under a bright beam of light?
Tyndall effect
What is the separation of ions from each other when they are solvated?
dissociation
What is it called when molecular compounds form ions in a solution?
What is a measure of the escaping tendency of molecules in a liquid?
vapor pressure
What is the pressure called that is exerted on a semipermeable membrane at equilibrium?
osmotic pressure
What is the random movement of colloidal particles called?
Brownian motion
What is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution?
molarity
What is defined as moles of solute per kilograms of solvent?
molality
What formula is used to help prepare dilutions?
V1M1=V2M2
What does the addition of a nonvolatile solute do to the vapor prssure of the solvent?
lowers it
What is one of the two ways that colloids can be separated?
Chemical precipitation or electrostatic precipitation