Chapter 1 & 2
(1) Identify each of the following statements as an observation (O), a hypothesis (H), or an experiment (E):
(A) A silver tray turns a dull gray color when left uncovered.
(B) When a silver tray is covered with plastic wrap, it does not tarnish.
(C) Oxygen reacts with silver when the tray is exposed to air.
(1)
(A) Observation
(B) Experiment
(C) Hypothesis
(1) What Are The 4 Type Of Mixtures ?
(2) Classify Each Of The Following As A Pure Substance (Element Or Compound) Or A Mixture (Homogeneous Or Heterogeneous)
(A) Copper In Copper Wire
(B) A Chocolate-Chip Cookie
(c) Nitrox, A Combination Of Oxygen And Nitrogen Used To Fill Scuba Tanks
(1) Homogeneous , Heterogeneous, Solutions, Alloys, Suspensions, And Colloids.
(2)
(A) Copper is an Element, Which Is A Pure Substance.
(B) A Chocolate-Chip Cookie Does Not Have A Uniform Composition, Which Makes It A Heterogeneous Mixture.
(C) The Gases Oxygen And Nitrogen Have A Uniform Composition In Nitrox, Which Makes It A Homogeneous Mixture
(1) What Is The Difference Between Wavelength And Frequency ?
(2) Visible Light Contains Colors From Red To Violet.
(A) What Color Of Light Has The Shortest Wavelengths ?
(B) What Color Of Light Has The Lowest Frequency ?
(1) The Wavelength And Frequency Of Light Are Closely Related. The Higher The Frequency, The Shorter The Wavelength. Because All Light Waves Move Through A Vacuum At The Same Speed, The Number Of Wave Crests Passing By A Given Point In One Second Depends On The Wavelength.
(2)
(A) Violet Light
(B) Red Light
(1) What Is The Avgadro's Number Written In Equation Form ?
(2) What Does The Formula Help You Find?
(1) 6.022 X 1023
(2) Calculate The Number Of Particles In A Given Number Of Moles.Calculate The Number Of Moles Of An Element In A Given Number Of Moles Of A Compound.
(1) All Matter Is Made Up Of Tiny Particles Called ?
(2) Who Created The Periodic Table ?
(1) Atoms
(2) Dmitri Mendeleev
(1) What Are The Three Steps To Writing Scientific Notation?
(2) What Is The Scientific Notation For 0.000 008m ?
(3) What Is The Scientific Notation For 1.00 000a?
(4) What Is The Scientific Notation For 2400. ?
(5) What Is The Scientific Notation For 12 800 000m?
(1) Step 1 = Move The Decimal Point To Obtain A Coefficient That Is At Least 1 But Less Than 10.
Step 2 = Express The Number Of Places Moved As A Power Of 10.
Step 3 = Write The Product Of The Coefficient Multiplied By The Power Of 10.
(2) 8 X 10-6 m
(3) 1 X 105 a
(4) 2.4 X 103
(5) 1.28 X 107 m
(1) Classify Each Of The Following As A Physical Or Chemical Change.
(A) Water Freezes On A Pond
(B) Gas Bubbles Form When Baking Powder Is Placed In Vinegar
(C) A Log Is Cut For Firewood
(2) What Is The Formula When Converting From Degrees Celsius To Degrees Fahrenheit ?
(3) What Is The Formula When Converting From Degrees Fahrenheit To Degrees Celsius ?
(1)
(A) Physical Change
(B) Chemical Change
(C) Physical Change
(2) TF = 1.8 (?) + 32
(3) TC = TF - 32 / 1.8
(1) Draw The Orbital Diagram For Fluorine, Which Is Used To Make Nonstick Coatings For Cookware.
(1) In The First Box There Should Be 1s On The Top Of The Box And There Should Be One Arrow Going Up And The Other Arrow Going Down. The Second Box Has A 2s On The Top And Then One Arrow Going Up And The Other Going Down. The Third Box Has A Pair Of Three And On Top Of It Has 2p And In That Pair Of Three Boxes Only Two Of Them Have An Up And Down Arrow Except The Last One It Only Has One Up Arrow.
(1) What Is Another Way To Write "Mole" ?
(2) How Many Mole Of Water, H2O, Contain 2.60 X 1023 Molecules Of Water ?
(1) Mol
(2) 0.432 Mol Of H2O
(1) What Does (e) Stand For ? ( Hint: Its An Even Number)
(1) It Stands For 10
(1) Identify The Significant Zeros In Each Of The Following Measured Numbers:
(A) 0.040 08 m ?
(B) 6.00 X 10 3 g ?
(1)
(A) The Zeros Between 4 And 8 Are Significant. The Zeros Preceding The First Nonzero Digit 4 Are Not Significant.
(B) All The Zeros In The Coefficient Of A Number Written In Scientific Notation Are Significant.
(1) What Is Chemical Symbols ?
(2) What Are The Chemical Symbols For Zinc, Uranium, Carbon, And Nickel ?
(3) On The Periodic Table What Does The Blue Stand For ?
(1) Are One- Or Two-Letter Abbreviations For The Names Of The Elements. Only The First Letter Of An Element’s Symbol Is Capitalized. If The Symbol Has A Second Letter, It Is Lowercase So That We Know When A Different Element Is Indicated. If Two Letters Are Capitalized, They Represent The Symbols Of Two Different Elements. For Example, The Element Cobalt Has The Symbol Co. However, The Two Capital Letters CO Specify Two Elements, Carbon (C) And Oxygen (O).
(2) Zinc = Zn , Uranium = U, Carbon = C, Nickel = Ni
(3) The Blue On The Periodic Table Stand For Metals
(1) What Is The Electron Configuration Of Na, Mg, And Si ?
(2) Write The Name For Each Of The Following Molecular Compounds:
(A) SiBr 4
(B) Br 2 O
(1) Na = 1s22s22p63s1 , Mg = 1s22s22p63s2 , Si = 1s22s22p63s23p2
(2)
(A) Silicon Tetra-bromide
(B) Dibromine Oxide
(1) What Is The Lewis Symbol ?
(2) How Do You Write CH4 In The Lewis Structure Form ?
(1) Is A Convenient Way To Represent The Valence Electrons, Which Are Shown As Dots Placed On The Sides, Top, Or Bottom Of The Symbol For The Element.
(1) Indicate Whether Each Of The Following Is True Or False:
(A) A Proton Is Heavier Than An Electron.
(B) An Electron Is Attracted To A Neutron.
(C) The Nucleus Contains All The Protons And Neutrons Of An Atom.
(1)
(A) True
(B) False; An Electron Is Attracted To A Proton.
(C) True
(1) What Is The Conversion Factor Of 1m = 100cm ?
(2) Identify The Correct Conversion Factor (S) For The Equality: 1 Pt Of Blood Contains 473.2 mL Of Blood.
(3) What Are The 4 Steps Into Solving Conversion Factors ?
(4) What Is The Conversion Factor Of 85 km = 1 h, And Identify Each Number As Exact Or Give The Number Of The Significant Figures.
(1) 100 cm / 1m And 1m / 100 cm
(2) (A) 473.2 pt 1 mL
(B) 1 pt 473.2 mL
(C) 473.2 mL 1 pt
(D) 1 mL 473.2 pt
(3) Step 1 = State The Given And Needed Quantities.
Step 2 = Write A Plan To Convert The Given Unit To The Needed Unit.
Step 3 = State The Equalities And Conversion Factors.
Step 4 = Set Up The Problem To Cancel Units And Calculate The Answer.
(4) The Conversion Factor Is 85 km / 1 H And 1 H / 85 km , the 85 km is measured: It Has Two Significant Figures , The H Is exact.
(1) What Does The Green On The Periodic Table Stand For ?
(2) What Does The Yellow On The Periodic Table Stand For ?
(1) The Green On The Periodic Table Stands For Metalloids.
(2) The Yellow Stands For Nonmetal.
(1) What Is The Formula Of Compound Of This Electron Configuration 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p3 ?
(2) What Is The Formula Of Compound Of This Electron Configuration 1s22s22p63s23p1 1s22s22p63s23p5 ?
(3) A Compact Fluorescent Light (CFL) Uses Up To How Much ( Hint:Less Energy Percent) ?
a(1) Mg3N2
(3) AlCl3
(3)70% Less Energy
(1) What Does VSEPR Stand For ?
(2) How Do Your Draw The Lewis Structure For NH3 ?
(1) Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
(1) What Are The Major Elements In The Human Body ? (Hint There Are In The Red Boxes)
(2) What Are The Macro-Minerals ? (Hint: They Are In The Blue Boxes)
(3) What Are Six Of The Micro- Minerals ? (Hint: They Are In The Purple Boxes)
(1) H, C, N, O
(2) Na, Mg, K, Ca
(3) V, Cr, Mn, Fe ,Co, Cu
(1) Write The Equality And Identify Each Number As Exact Or Give The Number Of Significant Figures For Each Of The Following:
(A) The Medication That Greg Takes For His High Blood Pressure Contains 40. mg Of Propranolol In 1 Tablet.
(B) Cold Water Fish Such As Salmon Contains 1.9% Omega-3 Fatty Acids By Mass.
(1)
(A) Equality = 1 Tablet = 40. mg Of Propranolol.......... THE 40. mg Is Measured: It Has Two Significant Figures. The 1 Tablet Is Exact.
(B) Equality = 1.9 g Of Omega-3 Fatty Acids = 100 g Of Salmon.......... The 1.9 g Is Measured: It Has Two Significant Figures. The 100 g Is Exact.
(1) What Is The Formula When Converting From Degrees Celcuis To Kelvins ?
(2) What Is The Difference Between Kinetic And Potential Energy ?
(3) What Is The Atomic Number ?
(1) TK = TC + 273
(2) Difference Between Kinetic Energy And Potential Energy is That The Energy Implies As The Objects Capability To Perform Work. While Kinetic Energy Is The Energy Which An Object Contains Because Of Particular Motion. On The Other Hand, Potential Energy Is The Stored Energy, Because Of It's State Of Rest.
(3) The Atomic Number Of An Element Is Equal To The Number Of Protons In Every Atom Of That Element. The Atomic Number Is The Whole Number That Appears Above The Symbol Of Each Element On The Periodic Table.
(1) What Is Electro-Magnetic Radiation ?
(2) What Are The Three Types Of Characteristic Of Bonding Between Pairs Of Atoms ?
(1) A Kind Of Radiation Including Visible Light, Radio Waves, Gamma Rays, And X-Rays, In Which Electric And Magnetic Fields Vary Simultaneously.
(2) Ionic, Polar-covalent, Nonpolar-covalent
(1) How Do You Draw The Lewis Structure For H2O ?
(2) What Is The Electron - Negativity Difference For HCl And HBr ?
(2) HCl = 3.0 - 2.1 = 0.9
HBr = 2.8 - 2.1 = 0.7
(1)
(A) In What Group Is Strontium Found?
(B) What Is The Name Of This Chemical Family?
(C) In What Period Is Strontium Found?
(D) Is Strontium A Metal, A Nonmetal, Or A Metalloid?
(1)
(A) Group 2A (2)
(B) Alkaline Earth Metals
(C) Period 5
(D) Metal