Chem Day 1
Define matter and provide the (4) states
is a physical substance that takes up space and has mass. Solid, liquid, gas, plasma
What does the group number represent on the periodic table?
The amount of valence electrons
Define ionic bond and provide an example
a chemical bond between two oppositely charged ions
Provide (5) properties of water
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Define atom. What are the charges of a proton, neutron, and electron? Where are they found?
a basic unit of matter
positive, neutral, negative
nucleus, nucleus, electron cloud
Define element
a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by normal chemical means
What are some properties of metals?
High thermal and electrical conductivity, luster, ductility, and malleability
Define polyatomic ions and provide examples
are ions that consist of more than one atom
Why does ice float? How does this help in lakes and ponds?
Water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Stops from freezing through
What does atomic mass equal?
Protons + Neutrons
Find the chemical symbol for Nitrogen on the periodic table... what is the atomic number?
7
What are some properties of nonmetals?
Brittle, bad conductors of heat and electricity, dull, neither tough nor strong
Use the molecule C6H12O6. Identify the subscript, coefficient, number of atoms, and number of molecules
C=6 H=12 O=6
6 C atoms, 12 H atoms, 6 O atoms
1 molecule
Coefficient = 1
What does hydrophilic mean?
Water loving
Define electronegativity and where it is found on the periodic table
how much an atom wants electrons
Up and to the right is more electronegative
When an atom is not neutral, a different number of neutrons is called a what? A different number of electrons is called what?
isotope, ion
How many electrons fit on the first shell? How many fit after?
2, 8
Define polar covalent bond and give an example
when atoms are shared unequally in a covalent bond
Is water the universal solute or universal solvent?
Universal solvent
Define hydrogen bond and provide an example
Partially negatively charged atoms from one molecule are attracted to partially positively charged atoms on another molecule
Carbon-14 is an example of what? Provide the number of protons, neutrons, and mass number
isotope. 6,8,14
Cation means lost electrons (+)
Anion means gained electrons (-)
Define nonpolar covalent bond and provide an example
is when electrons are shared equally between two atoms
200L of X is used to dissolve 30g of Y. What is the solute? What is the solvent?
Solute = 30g Y
Solvent = 200L X
Provide (3) examples of basic items, provide (3) examples of acidic items, provide (1) example of a neutral item
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