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Bonding
Periodic Trends
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Writing Chemical Formulas
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100
(100) Name 2 elements Fluorine would MOST LIKELY bond with.
- Hydrogen (H) - Lithium (Li) - Sodium (Na) - Potassium (K) - Rubidium (Rb) - Ceasium (Cs) - Francium (Fr)
100
(100) What is the trend for ionic radius? A) Ionic radius increases from period 1 to period 7 B) Ionic radius decreases from period 1 to period 7 C) Ionic radius increases for cations (+ ions) and decreases for anions (- ions) D) Ionic radius decreases from group 1 to group 18
C) Ionic radius increases for cations (+ ions) and decreases for anions (- ions)
100
(100) Argon is a noble gas. Which of the following describes argon? A) Argon has very low chemical reactivity. B) Neon is highly electronegative. C) Neon is a solid at room temp. D) Neon is a good conductor of heat.
A) Argon has very low chemical reactivity.
100
(200) Write out ALL of the steps for writing the chemical formula of an ionic compound. **Hint: Don't forget to tell us how we know it is an ionic compound!
Steps: 1) Identify an ionic compound by the -ide ending 2) Write out the chemical symbols of the elements involved 3) Write the oxidation numbers for each element 4) Use the criss- cross method to determine subscripts (Drop the + or - signs on oxidation numbers) 5) Simplify subscripts
100
(200) Which atom has a larger atomic radius? Rubidium (Rb) or Krypton (Kr) Why?
Rubidium because as we go across the periodic table to the right the electrons huddle closer together, resulting in a smaller atomic radius. As we go down periods we are adding electron shells, this makes the atom larger.
200
(200) How many bonds can Nitrogen form? Why?
Nitrogen (N) can form up to 3 bonds because it has 5 valence electrons- meaning it has 3 unpaired electrons.
200
(200) Which of the following elements is the most electronegative? A) Potassium (K) B) Iodine (I) C) Iron (Fe) D) Helium (He)
B) Iodine (I)
200
(200) Name 2 physical OR chemical properties of the Halogens.
- 7 valence electrons - Form diatomic molecules - Extremely reactive - High electronegativity - Varying states of matter - "Salt-formers"
200
(200) Write the chemical formula for the following compound. Sodium chloride Show your work!
NaCl
200
(300) What is the electron dot formula for methanol (CH3OH)?
H H-C-O-H H
300
(300) Define ionic bonding.
Ionic bonding is the attraction between two oppositely charged atoms to form a bond.
300
(300) Rank each atom/ion in order of INCREASING atomic radius. Smallest Atomic Radius -------------------------------> LOWEST A) Lithium (Li) B) Lithium cation (Li+) C) Carbon (C) D) Beryllium (Be)
Carbon (SMALLEST) Lithium cation (Li+) Lithium Beryllium (LARGEST)
300
(300) Group 1A elements differ from Group 2A elements in that Group 1A elements… A) form a lower oxidation state B) are less reactive C) are harder and have higher densitites D) are found in nature only as compounds
A) form a lower oxidation state
300
(300) Write the chemical formula for the following compound. Sodium hydroxide Show your work!
NaOH
300
(400) Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is an alcohol common known to as the alcohol found in beer and wine. What is the correct electron dot formula for ethanol?
H H H-C-C-O-H H H
400
(400) Is Br-Br an ionic or covalent bond? Why?
Br-Br (or Br2) is a covalent bond because the two atoms share the two electrons in the bond and there is no attraction caused by oppositely charged atoms.
400
(400) What happens to the number of electrons in an atom as the atomic number on the periodic table increases? A) The number of electrons increases B) The number of electrons decreases C) The number of electrons remains the same D) The number of electrons is the same for every atom
A) The number of electrons increases
400
(400) Students are conducting an experiment to identify an unknown element. Listed below are their observations. - Unknown is a solid - Unknown is soft enough to cut with a knife - Unknown reacts explosively with water Based on their observations, what element could this unknown be? A) Chromium B) Lead C) Sodium D) Strontium
C) Sodium
400
(400) Write the chemical formula for the following compound. Show ALL of your work! Potassium cyanide
KCN
400
(500) Draw the electron diagram for chlorine.
1st shell- 2 e- 2nd shell- 8 e- 3rd shell- 7 e-
500
(500) Is Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) an ionic or covalent bond? Why?
LiOH is bonded ionically because hydroxide (OH-) is a negatively charged polyatomic ion that is attracted to the positive charge of the Li+ ion. We can also tell this because of the -ide ending in the chemical name. This indicates an ionic compound.
500
(500) What happens to the ionization energy of an element as electrons are removed? A) The ionization energy increases B) The ionization energy decreases C) The ionization energy remains constant D) The ionization energy increases and then decreases
A) The ionization energy increases
500
(500) Magnesium (Mg) is an alkaline earth metal. Which of the following elements is Mg most likely to react with? A) Oxygen (O) B) Sodium (Na) C) Neon (Ne) D) Hydrogen (H)
A) Oxygen (O)
500
(500) Write the chemical formula for the following compound. Aluminum sulfate Show your work!
Al2(SO4)3
500
(600) Draw the electron dot diagram for Gallium sulfide (Ga2S3).
S 2- Ga 3+ S 2- Ga 3+ S 2-