General
What is produced when an acid and base neutralize each other according to the Arrhenius model?
A salt and water.
Lewis Acid is an electron pair _______ ?
Lewis Base is an electron pair ________ ?
acceptor, donor
How are Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base reactions different from Arrhenius Acid-Base reactions?
Bronsted-Lowry Acids act as proton donors, however Arrhenius Acids act as proton acceptors.
How protons interact when added to water.
What is the sign of entropy as Gas dissolves in water?
Negative
Does H+ exist in aqueous solution?
No, H+ exists as H3O+
What is the initiator in the reaction according to Lewis Acid Base theory
The base
What will Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases form after they react?
A conjugate acid and conjugate base.
How are acids and bases defined by Arrhenius?
Acids are proton acceptors and Bases are proton donors.
Would you expect NaCl or CaCl2 to be more soluble in water?
NaCl, Ca has 2+ charge while Na has 1+ charge. Ca has a higher lattice energy and would expect it to be less soluble in water.
What is the nucleophile in this reaction?
OH-+CO2→HCO3-
OH-
Find the Lewis Acid and Lewis Base in the reaction below:
2NH3 + Ag+ -> Ag(NH3)2+
NH3 - Lewis Base
Ag+ - Lewis Acid
Find the Bronsted-Lowry Acid, Base, Conjugate Acid, and Conjugate Base.
NH4+ + CN- -> NH3 + HCN
NH4 - Acid
NH3 - Conjugate Base
CN- - Base
HCN - Conjugate Acid
Is H2SO4 an Arrhenius Acid or Base in the reaction below?
H2SO4 + H2O -> HSO4- + H3O+
It is an Arrhenius Acid
You dissolve 10 grams of solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in 100 mL of water (H₂O). As the NaOH dissolves, the temperature of the solution increases from 25°C to 35°C.
Explain which has more energy: the solute-solvent interaction or the solute-solute/solvent-solvent interaction.
When NaOH dissolves in water, the process is exothermic, meaning it releases heat. This indicates that the energy released from the formation of solute-solvent interactions (Na⁺ and OH⁻ ions interacting with water molecules) is greater than the energy required to break the solute-solute interactions (NaOH lattice energy) and solvent-solvent interactions (hydrogen bonds between water molecules).