Chemistry - Ch. 18

Acid/Base Properties and Models

1

What type of substance can donate two protons?

Diprotic acid

2

Is a solution with a high K_b a strong acid or base?

Strong base

3

Classify H₂O as a base or acid.  Classify it as Arrhenius, Bronstead-Lowry, and/or Lewis

Bronstead-Lowry and Lewis

4

State whether the following substance is a strong/weak acid or base.

Weak base

5

What is the difference between Arrhenius bases, Bronstead-Lowry bases, and Lewis bases?

Arrhenius bases - substance that dissociate to release hydroxide in aqueous solutions

Bronstead-Lowry bases - substances that accepts a proton

Lewis bases - substances that can donate a pair of electrons

So Much Potential in You

1

What is a substance that ionizes to conduct electricity in a solution?

Electrolyte

2

What is pH + pOH?

14

3

What are pH indicators?

Substances whose colors are sensitive to pH

4

28 mL of .003 M Magnesium hydroxide can neutralize 350 mL of hydrofluoric acid.  What is the concentration of HF?

.61 M

5

A solution has a hydronium ion concentration of 8.74 * 10^-5 M.  Give the following numbers for:
pH

pOH

[OH^-]

Is it basic or acidic?

pH = 4.06

pOH = 9.94

[OH^-] = 1.14 * 10^-10 M

acidic

Stop Being Salty

1

What describes the extent of the forward equilibrium reaction in the formation of hydronium ions?

Acid-ionization constant

2

What two things are produced in neutralization reactions?

Salt

Water

3

What is the equivalence point of a substance?

The point in titration at which thee number of hydronium ions equals the number of hydroxide ions.

4

Write a neutralization reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydroflouric acid.  Identify the salt produced.

Mg(OH)₂ + 2HF ⇆ MgF₂ + 2H₂O

Magnesium fluoride is produced

5

Write a neutralization reaction that involves lithium chloride as a product.  Indicate the acid and base involved.

Li(OH) (aq) + HCl (aq) ⇆ LiCl (s) + H₂O (l)

Lithium hydroxide is the base

Hydrochloric acid is the acid

Misc.

1

What is the pOH of a substance whose hydronium ion concentration is 3.4 * 10^-13?

1.53

2

Classify Li(OH) as a base or acid.  Classify it as Arrhenius, Bronstead-Lowry, and/or Lewis

Arrhenius, Bronstead-Lowry, and Lewis base

3

What type of substance gives up protons easily and ionize completely?

Strong acids

4

Is the following substance a strong/weak acid or base?

Strong acid

5

List three properties of acids and three properties of bases?

Acids: Reactive, turns litmus paper red, and makes food taste sour

Bases: makes food taste bitter, turns litmus paper blue, feels slippery