vocab
Chemical Reaction
the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances
Endothermic Reaction
A reaction in which energy is absorbed
Law of definite proportions
states that in samples of any chemical compound the masses of the elements are always in the same proportions.
Chemical Change
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances
Monatomic ion
a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons, respectively
Law of multiple proportions
whenever two elements form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers.
Physical Change
A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
Binary compound
compound that is composed of only two elements, can be ionic or molecular compounds.
single-replacement reaction
chemical reaction in which an uncombined element replaces an element that is part of a compound; general form is A + BX --> AX + B
Energy
the ability to do work
Acid
a compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.
double-replacement reaction
chemical reacting in which atoms or ions from two different compounds replace each other; general form is AX + BY --> AY + BX
Exothermic Reaction
A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
Base
generally an ionic compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water