Covalent Bonds
This type of bond is a true sharing of the electrons in the molecule. Seen in diatomic molecules.
What is non-polar, or truly covalent?
To name a covalent compound you must add this suffix at the end.
What is -ide?
This prefix is added to the first word when naming a binary acid (an acid that does not contain oxygen) to show the presence of hydrogen.
What is hydro-?
This type of formula shows chemical symbols and bonds using dashes, but unlike a Lewis structure, it does not show electrons.
What is a structural formula?
This type of bond occurs when one atom donates electrons to another, rather than sharing them.
What is an ionic bond?
This model, whose name explains how electron pairs repel each other, is used to determine the 3‑dimensional shape of molecules.
What is the VSEPR model?
The 7 diatomic molecules are:
What is dihydrogen, dinitrogen, dioxygen, difluorine, dichlorine, dibromine, and diiodine?
What is elemental hydrogen, elemental nitrogen, elemental oxygen ...
What is H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2?
When naming covalent compounds, you must add this suffix?
What is the number of atoms involved?
What is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-?
When naming a binary acid (an acid without oxygen), the second element’s name must end with this suffix.
What is ‑ic?
According to Lewis structure rules, this atom is never placed in the center of a molecule.
What is hydrogen?
A bond in which electrons are shared unequally due to a large difference in electronegativity is called this.
What is a polar covalent bond?
This molecular shape has bond angles of 180° and is shown by molecules like CO₂ and HCl.
What is linear?
What are non-metals?
Methane's chemical formula is CCl4 (carbon and chlorine). Its chemical name is:
What is carbon tetrachloride?
If an oxyanion ends in ‑ate, this is the suffix you use when naming the corresponding oxyacid.
What is ‑ic?
When deciding the central atom of a molecule, you choose the element with the lowest value of this property—its attraction for shared electrons.
What is electronegativity?
The type of bond found in diatomic molecules like N₂ and Br₂, where electrons are shared equally.
What is a purely covalent (or non‑polar covalent) bond?
A molecule with four bonding groups and bond angles of 109.5° has this shape, which students can model with balloons.
What is tetrahedral?
Once a sigma bond is formed, this bond will form. It can not occupy the same space as the sigma bond so it will be pushed next to it.
What is a pi bond?
The chemical name for N2H4 is this.
What is dinitrogen tetrahydride?
This acid, formed from the chlorite ion, uses the ‑ous ending.
What is chlorous acid?
1. chlorite is not chlorine, so it must be on the polyatomic ion sheet.
2. since it has oxygen in it you do NOT use hydro at the beginning; but ALL acids have hydrogen as the first element written.
3. the chemical formula is: HClO2 (hydrogen, chlorine, and 2 oxygens)
To determine the number of bonding groups in a Lewis structure, you divide this quantity by two.
What are the total valence electrons?
A molecule with a positive end and a negative end is said to have one of these.
What is a dipole?
This shape, formed when lone pairs push bonded atoms downward, has bond angles of 107.3°.
What is trigonal pyramidal?
This type of bond forms when the electronegativity difference is very high between two non-metals bonded covalently.
What is polar covalent?
What is dihydrogen monoxide?
This acid is formed when a hydrogen ion combines with the perchlorate ion, which has a −1 charge.
What is HClO₄ (perchloric acid)?
This type of structure is used when there is more than one way to correctly draw the Lewis structure. This structure will have at least one double or triple bond.
What is a resonance structure?
To determine whether a molecule is polar or purely covalent, you must consider the electronegativity difference and this geometric factor.
What is the shape of the molecule?
List the 5 molecular shapes we learned and the measure of the angle between the bonds.
What are: tetrahedral, 109.5?
trigonal planer, 120?
linear, 180?
Trigonal pyramidal, 107.3?
Bent, 104.5?
*the decimal point is not important.