Chapter 1- Introduction to Chemistry
the study of the composition, structure & properties of matter, the changes it undergoes, including energy changes
What is chemistry?
In order of increasing atomic number
How is the modern periodic table organized?
Bonding an anion (Non-Metal) with a cation (Metal)
How is a ionic bond made?
A bond where a nonmetal shares electrons with another nonmetal
What is a covalent bond?
6.02 times 10^23 particles/molecules/atoms
What is Avagadro’s Number?
Any substance that has a definite composition
What is a chemical?
Mendeleev published it first and was able to better explain its usefulness. Mendeleev stated that if the weight caused the element to be placed in the wrong group than the weight must be wrong, he used already known properties to predict unknown elements
Why is Mendeleev known as the father of the periodic table and not Meyer?
Can conduct electricity when melted
In which state can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
It is non polar covalent
If the difference of electro negativity in a covalent compound is 0, would it be non-polar or polar?
A hydrate
What is the name of a compound with H2O attached to it?
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
What is an atom?
Fluorine, 4.0
Which element has the highest electronegavity and what is it?
High melting point, brittle, able to conduct electricity when melted
What are three properties of ionic compounds?
An uneven distribution of charge between the elements in a compound
What is polarity?
Calcium Chloride
What is the name for CaCl2
The first property does not depend on the amount of matter present. The second one does depend on the amount of matter present
What is the difference between an intensive and extensive property, respectively.
Lose electrons and form cations
Do metals typically gain or lose electrons?
A formula unit
What is the smallest representative piece of an ionic compound?
BrINClOF elements
Which elements are always diatomic in nature?
NO3- ion
What is the chemical formula for a nitrate ion
Mixture that is not uniform in composition throughout or from sample to sample
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Generally increases as you go acrosss the periodic table
What is the trend for ionization energy as you left p to right across the periodic table?
Ionic Compounds have a neutral charge
What is the overall charge of an ionic compound?
Tetrahedral, Trigonal Bipyramidal respectively
What is the geometry and shape of a compound that has 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair?
Charge of +3
What is the charge of the Elements in group 13?