Chemistry
Properties of Non Metals
- Not conductive
- Not shiny
- Brittle
Tetrahedral
- 5 atoms
- No unshared pairs
Super Octet
Over 8 valence electrons
As wavelength increases, frequency
Also decreases
Delocalized electrons
Electrons that are free to move
Linear
- 2 or 3 atoms
- No unshared pairs
- Automatically linear if there's only 2
What is non polar?
0 - 0.4
Sub Octet
Less than 8 valence electrons
As frequency increases, energy
Increases
SPDF Blocks on periodic table
S is to the left, D in the middle, P at the right, and F in the bottom
V-Shaped
- 3 Atoms
- Unshared Pairs
What is polar?
0.4 - 1.7
Duet Rule
Hydrogen and Helium only want two electrons
Lavoiser
Compiled a list of 33 known elements into 4 catagories
What are ionic bonds a combinations of?
Metals and non metals
Trigonal Planar
- 4 atoms
- No unshared pairs
What is ionic?
1.7 - 4
Full Octet
8 valence electrons
Ionic Compound Properties
- Dissolve in water
- High melting points
- Good conductors of electricity
- Hard and brittle
Henry Moseley
Arranged elements by increasing atomic number
Trigonal Pyramidal
- Unshared pairs
- 4 atoms
Lewis Dot Structure
Diagram of a molecule using dots to represent valence electrons
As frequency increases, wavelength
Decreases
Covalent Compound Properties
- Poor conductors
- Low MP and BP
- Don't dissolve in water
- Flammable
John Newlands
Created the law of octaves