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Chemistry Fundamentals
Air, Ozone and the Chemistry of Climate Change
Energy from Combustion
Water for Life & the Threat of Acid Rain
Nuclear Fission and Energy from Electron Transfer
100
One of the 100 or so pure substances in our world from which compounds are formed. Contains only one type of atom
What is an element?
100
Name and chemical formula of the inorganic molecule that is a pollutant in the troposphere but necessary in the stratosphere to filter out UV rays
What is ozone or O3?
100
Stored energy or the energy of position
What is potential energy?
100
Water that is safe to drink and cook with
What is potable water?
100
Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller, more stable nuclei with the release of energy
What is nuclear fission?
200
Pure substance made up of two or more different elements in a fixed, characteristic chemical composition
What is a compound?
200
General term for pollutants produced from chemical reactions involving one or more other pollutants
What are secondary pollutants?
200
Molecular shape of CH4 and many chlorofluorocarbons
What is tetrahedral?
200
Liquid that is capable of dissolving one or more pure substances
What is a solvent?
200
Amount of fissionable fuel required to sustain a chain reaction
What is critical mass?
300
System for writing numbers as the product of a number and 10 raised to the appropriate power
What is scientific notation?
300
Number and name for the quantity of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12
What is 6.02 x 1023 or Avogadro's number (a mole)?
300
Term applied to any chemical or physical change accompanied by the release of heat
What is exothermic?
300
Unit of concentration represented by the number of moles of solute in 1 liter of solution
What is molarity?
300
Uranium with a higher percentage of U-235 than its natural abundance of about 0.7%
What is enriched uranium?
400
Orderly arrangement of all the elements based on similarities in their properties
What is the periodic table?
400
Carbon-containing compounds that pass readily into the vapor phase
What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?
400
Chemical reaction in which fuel is combined with oxygen to release energy as heat and light
What is combustion?
400
Name and chemical formula of the insoluble ionic compound found in certain types of rocks and the shells of marine organisms
What is calcium carbonate or CaCO3?
400
Electrode at which oxidation takes place and which is the source of electrons in the current flow
What is the anode?
500
Group names and number of valence electrons for 1A, 2A, 7A and 8A on the periodic table
What are the Alkali Metals (1 valence electron), Alkaline Earth Metals (2 valence electrons), Halogens (7 valence electrons) and Noble Gases (8 valence electrons)?
500
A complex mixture of tiny solid particles and microscopic liquid droplets, classified by size rather than composition
What is particulate matter?
500
Balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane
What is C3H8+ 5 O2 → 3 CO2+ 4 H2O
500
pH when the concentration of hydrogen ions is 7.2 x 10-3 M
What is 2.14?
500
Oxidation number for chromium in potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
What is +6?