Functional Groups
what is the name of an alkane with 4 carbon atoms
butane
What is the name of CH4?
methane
What is the rate law for a reaction where doubling the concentration of A doubles the rate, but changing the concentration of B has no effect.
rate = k[A]
What is half-life?
the time it takes for half of a sample to decay
What is the functional group ending in COOR?
Ester
What is the functional group if it has a double bond?
alkene
What is the name of C6H14
Hexane
what is the formula for the integrated rate law of a first-order reaction
ln[A] = -akt + ln[A₀]
If a radioactive isotope has a half-life of 10 minutes, How much of a 100 g sample remains after 10 minutes?
50 grams
What is the name functional group " ROR' "
Ether
What is the name of the compound with a 3-carbon chain and a –Cl substituent on the second carbon
2-chloropropane
What is the name of ^^oh
Butanol
For a reaction with rate law rate = k[A]², what is the unit of the rate constant k if rate is in M/s.
M⁻¹s⁻¹
A sample of a radioactive isotope has a half-life of 8 days. Starting with 160 grams, how much remains after 24 days?
20 grams
(24 ÷ 8 = 3 half-lives → 160 → 80 → 40 → 20)
What is the functional group ending in COOH?
Carboxylic Acid
what is the name of a molecule that has a 6-carbon chain and a –OH group on the third carbon
3-hexanol
Compounds that contain only carbons and hydrogens are called what? Give an example
Hydrocarbon; Methane, ethylene, acetylene
In a reaction where doubling the concentration of A quadruples the rate and doubling B doubles the rate, what is the overall rate law?
rate = k[A]²[B]
how many half-lives have passed if a 160 g sample decays to 20 g
3 half-lives
(160 → 80 → 40 → 20)
Ethanol and methanol would have what functional group?
Alcohol, -OH
what is the name of a compound that contains a ketone group on the second carbon of a 5-carbon chain
pentan-2-one
A zero-order reaction starts at 1.0 M and drops to 0.4 M in 30 seconds. What is the rate constant.
k = 0.02 M/s
[A] = -akt + [A₀]
→ 0.4 = -(1) k(30) + 1.0
→ k = 0.02 M/s
A radioactive sample decays from 200 grams to 25 grams in 24 hours. What is the half-life of the substance?
6 hours
(200 → 100 → 50 → 25 = 3 half-lives → 24 ÷ 3 = 6 hours)