Matter & Energy
In atomic theory, this scientist is credited with developing the model that describes electrons orbiting a nucleus in fixed energy levels, often depicted as a planetary model."
Who is Niels Bohr?
This formula, expressed as P=F/A, calculates the a quantity exerted by a force over a given area.
What is pressure?
The number of these particles in the nucleus determines the atomic number of an element.
What are protons?
This term refers to the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation.
What is radioactive decay?
"In which city would you find the Eiffel Tower?"
What is Paris?
"This scientist is known for creating the periodic table of elements, which organizes elements based on their atomic number and properties."
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev?
"This term describes the pressure exerted by the weight of the Earth's atmosphere, which decreases with altitude and is commonly measured using a barometer."
What is atmospheric pressure?
The number of neutrons in an atom can be calculated by subtracting this number from the atomic mass number.
What is the atomic number?
This unit, abbreviated as nm, is commonly used to measure wavelengths in the visible spectrum.
What is a nanometer?
"What is the name of the fairy in Peter Pan?"
What is Tinker Bell?
"In a chemical reaction, this term refers to the substance that is formed as a result of the reaction, and it is present on the right side of a chemical equation."
What is a product?
According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, as the temperature of a gas increases, the average speed of the gas molecules will do this.
What is increase?
This type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms and is central to the structure of molecules.
What is a covalent bond?
This term describes the time it takes for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to decay.
What is the half-life?
"What is the term for a word that has the same meaning as another word?"
What is a synonym?
This state of matter is characterized by having neither a definite shape nor a definite volume, with particles that are free to move around and fill the entire container, often found in substances like helium and neon."
What is gas?
This law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when the temperature is held constant.
What is Boyle’s Law?
This type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in positively and negatively charged ions.
What is an ionic bond?
This type of radiation consists of high-energy electromagnetic waves and is often emitted during nuclear reactions.
What is gamma radiation?
"What ancient civilization is known for its pyramids and hieroglyphs?"
What is Ancient Egypt?
"What type of energy is stored in an object due to its position or state, such as a compressed spring?"
What is potential energy?
This law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvin) when pressure is held constant.
What is Charles’s Law?
This term describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
What is electronegativity?
This type of decay involves a particle being emitted from an unstable nucleus, resulting in the loss of 2 neutrons, 2 protons, and ultimately leading to a new element.
What is alpha decay?
"In Greek mythology, who is the god of the sea?"
Who is Poseidon?
"This type of energy, often associated with objects in motion, is described by the formula 1/2(mv2), where m is mass and v is velocity."
What is kinetic energy?
The gas law that quantifies how gas volume changes with pressure and temperature simultaneously is often referred to by this name.
What is the combined gas law?
The region around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.
What is an orbital?
This region of the electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelengths and is used for AM broadcasting.
What are radio waves?
"In which continent is the Sahara Desert located?"
What is Africa?
This type of mixture is uniform throughout and consists of a single phase, such as salt water or air."
What is a homogeneous mixture?
This principle describes the partial pressure of each gas in a mixture, stating that the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?
This quantum number indicates the shape of an electron's orbital and can have values such as s, p, d, or f.
What is the angular momentum quantum number?
This part of the electromagnetic spectrum has wavelengths longer than those of visible light and is commonly used in night-vision technology.
What are infrared rays?
"What is the longest river in South America?"
What is the Amazon River?
This term describes the phase transition where a substance changes from a solid to a liquid, occurring at a specific temperature known as the melting point."
What is melting?
This process describes the mixing of gases in a container until the concentration of each gas is uniform throughout.
What is diffusion?
This quantum number describes the orientation of an orbital in space and can have values ranging from -l to +l.
What is the magnetic quantum number?
This electromagnetic spectrum region is used in everyday devices like lasers and has wavelengths between visible light and X-rays.
What are ultraviolet rays?
"Which mathematician is known for his work on the foundations of calculus and his famous 'Principia Mathematica'?"
Who is Isaac Newton?
This term describes the process where a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase, commonly observed with dry ice."
What is sublimation?
This term describes the volume occupied by a gas when it is at a temperature of 0°C and a pressure of 1 atm.
What is standard temperature and pressure (STP)?
This quantum number describes the spin of an electron and can have values of +1/2 or -1/2.
What is the spin quantum number?
This element’s isotope is used in carbon dating to estimate the age of archaeological artifacts.
What is carbon-14?
"Which ancient civilization is credited with the creation of the first known writing system?"
What is the Sumerian civilization?
This phenomenon involves the absorption of heat when a substance undergoes a phase change from a solid to a liquid, such as ice melting to form water."
What is endothermic?
"According to this theory, the pressure exerted by a gas in a container is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container. This theory also explains that the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin."
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
This scientist developed the concept of the atomic nucleus and proposed the planetary model of the atom.
Who is Niels Bohr?
This term refers to an unstable isotope that decays by emitting radiation and eventually transforms into a different element or isotope."
What is a radioisotope?
"Which famous battle was fought on June 18, 1815, and ended Napoleon Bonaparte's rule?"
What is the Battle of Waterloo?