Chapter 1
What is the definition of matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
What is a compound?
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
What is a subatomic particle?
a particle smaller than an atom.
a single electron or one of two or more electrons in the outer shell of an atom that is responsible for the chemical properties of the atom.
What is an Isomer?
Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
What is volume?
Volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid, or gas.
What does the O stand for on the periodic table?
Oxygen
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons.
What does the Rule of Zero Charge state?
When an ionic compound forms, the total charge on the atoms adds up to zero. This is known as the rule of zero charge.
What is a covalent bond?
Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms.
What is the difference between mass and density?
Mass quantifies the amount of matter present in a certain object, Density quantifies how much mass is present in a certain matter or object with respect to volume.
What is the first element on the periodic table?
Hydrogen
How do you find the atomic mass of an element?
To calculate the atomic mass of a single atom of an element, add up the mass of protons and neutrons.
what is a polyatomic ion?
polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded atoms that carries a net charge due to the fact that the total number of electrons in the molecule is not equal to the total number of protons in the molecule.
How can you change the smell of a chemical?
Perform a chemical change.
List 4 Pieces of equipment that a chemist might use in a lab.
beaker tongs
pipette
beaker
test tube
etc
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
This law means that energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
What is the formula to find the average atomic mass of an element?
Average atomic mass = f1M1 + f2M2 + … + fnMn where f is the fraction representing the natural abundance of the isotope and M is the mass number (weight) of the isotope.
How many valance electrons does Gallium have?
3 Valance electrons.
What is the Smell of an Ester?
Sweet / Floral
Describe what a chemist would look like during a lab?
Closed-toe shoes
Goggles
Hair tired back if long
lab coat
appren
Where are the Noble gases located on the periodic table?
Far-right row.
Calculate the elemental atomic mass of Mg.
Isotope Atomic Mass Isotopic Abundance
24Mg 23.98504 u 78.70%
25Mg 24.98584 u 10.13%
26Mg 25.98259 u 11.17%
24.31 u
What did the Flame test show us?
The flame test is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal or metalloid ion based on the characteristic color the salt turns the flame of a Bunsen burner.
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for H2O with lone pairs.
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H :O : H
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