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Chemistry of Matter
Inside the Atom
The Periodic Table
Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds
Chemical Reactions
100
Some of the early philosophers believed that all matter was made of ______?
What are Small Particles
100
A unit of matter; the smallest unit of a chemical element.
What is an atom?
100
horizontal row of elements in the periodic table whose properties change gradually and predictably
What is a period?
100
the space that the atom's electrons travel in around the nucleus?
What is electron cloud?
100
an aggregate of two or more substances that are not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other.
What is mixture?
200
______proposed that all matter is made of atoms that were hard spheres.
Who is John Dalton
200
the smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound.
What is a molecule?
200
the number of positive charges or protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element
What is atomic number.
200
Also called negatron. Physics, Chemistry. an elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of matter, having a negative charge of 1.602 × 10 −19 coulombs, a mass of 9.108 × 10 −31 kilograms, and spin of ½, and existing independently or as the component outside the nucleus of an atom.
What is an electron?
200
an abbreviation or short representation of a chemical element; the symbols in the periodic table
What is chemical symbol?
300
______showed that the particles in a CRT were negatively charged particles, later called electron.
Who is J.J. Thomson
300
electrically-neutral particle that has the same mass as a proton and is found in an atom's nucleus.
What is a neutron?
300
family of elements in the periodic table that have similar physical or chemical properties.
What is a group?
300
any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights.
What is an isotope?
300
time needed for one half of the mass of a sample of a radioactive isotope to decay.
What is half-life?
400
______showed that a positive charge existed in a small region of the atom, which he called the nucleus.
Who is Rutherford
400
a fundamental arrangement of atoms, as the benzene ring, that may occur in many compounds by substitution of atoms without a change in structure. Known as the center of the atom.
What is nucleus?
400
substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is an element?
400
What is an atom where the charges of the electrons and the protons balance.
What is a neutral atom?
400
release of nuclear particles and energy from unstable atomic nuclei.
What is radioactive decay?
500
In order to explain the ________, the neutron was proposed as an uncharged particles with the same____as a proton, located in the nucleus.
What is mass of an atom, mass.
500
a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei. It is the lightest and most stable baryon, having a charge equal in magnitude to that of the electron, a spin of ½, and a mass of 1.673 × 10− 27 kg. Symbol: P
What is a proton?
500
the mass of an isotope of an element measured in units formerly based on the mass of one hydrogen atom taken as a unit or on 1/16 (0.0625) the mass of one oxygen atom, but after 1961 based on 1/12 (0.0833) the mass of the carbon-12 atom. Abbreviation: at. m.
What is atomic mass?
500
atom that is positively or negatively charged because it has gained or lost one or more electrons.
What is an ion?
500
a pure substance that contains two or more elements.
What is a compound?