What is an atom that loses or gains an electron called?
an ion (positive or negative)
100
In a chemical reaction, where are the products and reactants located?
Reactants are on the left side and products are on the right.
100
______________ feel slippery and taste bitter.
Bases
100
The study of matter and how it changes is called __________.
Chemistry
200
What part of the atom forms chemical bonds?
the valence electrons
200
What happens in a synthesis reaction?
Two or more simple reactants combine to form a compound.
200
What happens when an acid and base are mixed?
Neutralization
200
How do physical and chemical changes differ?
Chemical changes produce new substances, while physical changes do not.
300
In the formula CaCl2, what does the 2 tell you?
There are 2 chlorine ions for every calcium ion.
300
When a substance breaks apart into its component parts, like water forming hydrogen and oxygen, this is a ______________ reaction.
decomposition
300
What is produced in a neutralization reaction?
water and salt
300
Where would you find the most reactive metals in the periodic table?
Groups 1 and 2 - Alkali and Alkaline Earth
400
Explain how an ionic bond forms.
An ionic bond forms between a positive ion, an atom that has lost an electron, and a negative ion, an atom that has gained an electron. They are attracted by opposite charges.
400
How do endothermic and exothermic reactions differ?
Endothermic rxns absorb heat energy and exothermic release heat energy.
400
Explain how the pH scale works as far as the strength of acids and bases.
The lower the number, the stronger the acid will be.
The higher the number, the stronger the base will be.
A covalent bond forms when two atoms share electrons.
500
State the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Matter cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms.
500
How do acids and bases differ in their definitions?
Acids form hydrogen ions and bases form hydroxide ions when in a solution of water.
500
How do Polar and Nonpolar bonds differ?
In a Polar bond, the shared electrons are not shared evenly so one side of the molecule becomes slightly positive and the other slightly negative. In a Nonpolar bond, the electrons are shared evenly and there are no charges around the molecule.