Properties of matter
Give characteristics of each type of element
metals
non-metals
metalloid
metal - shiny, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity
non-metal - dull, brittle, poor conductor of heat and electricity
metalloid - a mix of characteristics from metals and non-metals
Fill in the blanks -
___________ always form positive ions and __________ always form negative ions.
metals
non-metals
Name an element in each of the 4 electron orbital blocks.
anything in S, P, D, and F blocks are accepted
A mol is equal to exactly how many atoms?
6.02 x 1023 atoms
What are the products in every combustion reaction?
Water and carbon dioxide
If 3 mols of carbonic acid (H2CO3) react with an excess of sodium hydroxide in a double displacement reaction, how many grams of water will be formed?
54.05g water
What 2 families are the most reactive?
alkali metals and halogens
What is the most common charge for polyatomic ions?
-1
How many orbitals are contained in each of the 4 blocks?
s - 1
p - 3
d - 5
f - 7
How many mols are in each of the following samples?
7.873 x 1032 atoms of fluorine?
6.02 x 1023 atoms of calcium
1.00 x 103 atoms of francium
72 atoms of zirconium
1.31 x 109 mols fluorine
1.00 mols Calcium
1.66 x 10-21 mols francium
1.2 x 10-22 mols zirconium
Balance the following chemical equations:
P4O10 + H2O --> H3PO4
H2SO4 + HI → H2S + I2 + H2O
1, 6, 4
1, 8, 1, 4, 4
If 73.07g of aluminum phosphate reacts with tungsten perchlorate in a double displacement reaction, how many grams of tungsten perchlorate will be needed to complete the reaction?
233.8g tungsten perchlorate
Name the elements that are always diatomic.
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Astatine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Tennessine
What are the only 2 ions with a charge of -3?
phosphate and phosphite
What is the noble gas electron notation for each of the following elements?
Arsenic
Uranium
Cobalt
Barium
As - [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3
U - [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
Co - [Ar] 3d7 4s2
Ba - [Xe] 6s2
How many atoms are in each of the following samples?
37.02 mols of Titanium
3.09 x 10-4 mols Neodymium
0.060 mols Cesium
9.8553 mols Technetium
2.23 x 1025 atoms Titanium
1.86 x 1020 atoms Neodymium
3.6 x 1022 atoms Cesium
5.93 x 1024 atoms Technetium
Write and balance the chemical equation for each of the following descriptions.
Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Octane (C8H18) burns in oxygen to form water vapor and carbon dioxide.
2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
2C8H18 + 25O2 --> 16CO2 + 18H2O
If 1.35 Kg of octane is burned in oxygen, how many Kg of CO2 will be released?
11.3 kg CO2
How do you know how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an a standard atom of a particular element?
protons - atomic #
Neutrons - atomic mass - atomic #
Electrons - atomic #
What is the chemical formula for the following ionic compounds?
Calcium hydroxide
Ammonium oxalate
Ferric chromate
Stibbous acetate
Ca(OH)2
(NH4)2C2O4
Fe2(CrO4)3
Sb(CH3COO)3
How many fully filled orbitals are there in each of the following elements?
Radon
Hafnium
Aluminum
Berkelium
Rn - 43
Hf - 28
Al - 6
Bk - 46
Convert the values given into the desired value.
Convert 53.82 grams of Strontium into mols
Convert 6.02 x 1023 atoms of Europium into grams
Convert 7.0086 x 1096 grams of Silicon into atoms
Convert 27 atoms of Bismuth into grams
0.6142 mols Sr
152g Eu
1.50 x 10119 atoms Si
9.4 x 10-21 g Bi
Write a sentence that explains each of the following chemical equations.
W(ClO4)6 + Al2(PO4)3 --> W(PO4)3 + 2Al(ClO4)3
Ca(OH)2 + Mn(H2PO4)2 --> Ca(H2PO4)2 + Mn(OH)2
Tungsten perchlorate reacts with aluminum phosphate to form tungsten phosphate and aluminum perchlorate
Calcium hydroxide reacts with manganese (II) dihydrogen phosphate to form calcium dihydrogen phosphate and Manganese (II) hydroxide
If hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are combined to form 8.865 x 1094 molecules of water, how many atoms of oxygen gas will be needed?
8.865 x 1094 atoms of Oxygen
Why are the noble gases unreactive?
They have their octet of electrons and don't have a need to bond
A double replacement reaction happens when Calcium perchlorate and cupric thiocyanate are mixed.
Write and balance the chemical equation showing this reaction.
Ca(ClO4)2 + Cu(SCN)2 --> Cu(ClO4)2 + Ca(SCN)2
How many unpaired electrons are in each of the following elements?
Potassium
Rhodium
Promethium
Neon
K - 1
Rh - 3
Pm - 5
Ne - 0
How many grams are in 2.84 x 1023 molecules of LiOH?
How many atoms are in 87.93g of Cu(MnO4)2?
How many mols of Oxygen are present in 13.2g of SnC2O4?
11.3g LiOH
1.94 x 1024 atoms
0.2556 mols O
What reactants would be needed to form water and sodium chloride
NaOH and HCl
Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) reacts with Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form phosphoric acid (H3PO4), chlorine gas, and sulfur dioxide (SO2). If 43.887 grams of chlorine gas are released in this reaction, how many grams of pentachloride are required?
51.56g PCl5