Chemistry Mock Prep

Acids/Bases

100

Chemical and common name for KOH

Potassium Hydroxide/Caustic Potash

200

Chemical and common name for Mg(OH)2

Magnesium Hydroxide/Milk Of Magnesia

300

Chemical and Salt Name for H2CO3

Carbonic Acid/Hydrogen Carbonate

400

There is 5g of Ca(OH)2 in 2l of solution

Calculate Concentration

C = .03374M

500

A 0.10 M solution of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) has a dissociation constant

Ka=1.8×10^−5

Calculate pH of the Solution *Hint: Use ICE Table*

[H+]=1.34*10^-3 M

pH=2.87

Definitions

100

Define Amphoteric

An amphoteric substance can act as both an acid or a base depending on its reaction partner.

200

What is Arrhenius definition of acids and bases?

Acids produce H+ in aqueous solution.

Bases produce OH- in aqueous solution.

300

Define an oxidation agent

An oxidation agent gains electrons, therefor causing oxidation.

400

Define Conjugate Acid-Base pairs according to Brønstead Lowry.

Two substances that differ by one proton (H+ Ion).

A conjugate acid has gained a proton during the reaction

A conjugate base has lost a proton during the reaction.

Acids are H+ donors

Bases are H+ acceptors.

500

What is Le Chatlier's Principle?

If a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change the position of the equilibrium will SHIFT to minimize the effect of the change.

Examples

100

What is an example of an amphoteric substance?

H2O, ZnO, HCO3-

200

Example of conjugate acid-base pair

H2O + H+ = H3O+ + OH-

H+=Acid

H2O = Base

H3O+=Conjugate Acid

OH-=Conjugate Base

300

Give an example of factors that affect yield in a chemical reaction.

Pressure, Heat, Concentration.

400

Example of a 1-protic, 2-protic, and 3-protic acids

Multiple answers, i.e. HF, H2S, H3PO3

500

Example of an Alkane, alkene, and alkyne

Alkane: Methane(CH4), Ethane(C2H6)

Alkene: Propene(C3H6), Ethene (C2H4)

Alkyne:Acetylene (C2H2), Propyne(C3H4)

Definitions 2

100

Define Isomer

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different molecular structure.

200

Define Acids and Bases according to Brønstead Lowry

Acids are proton (H+ Ion) donors

Bases are proton (H+ Ion) acceptors.

300

Define a reduction agent

A reduction agent loses electrons, therefor causes reduction.

400

Define Catalyst

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

500

Define dynamic equilibrium

Macroscopic properties are constant and the rate of the foward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.

Random

100

What molecules are excluded from equilibrium constant calculations?

Liquids and Solids are noted as [1] in equilibrium constant equations.

200

As temperature increases, equilibrium shifts towards the _____ side of the reaction.

Endothermic

300

What is the conjugate acid in this reaction? 

NH3 + h2O --> NH4+ + OH-

NH4+

400

What general information can be gathered by observing the magnitude of the equilibrium constant?

Kc>1: Reaction proceeds almost totally towards the products.

Kc<1: Reaction hardly proceeds at all towards the products.

500

Calculate concentration:

5.8g of (NaCl) is dissolved in water to make 500ml of solution.

Concentration = 0.200 mol/l