Types of Energy (2.1)
Energy can be divided into two types:
kinetic and potential.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be moved or transformed. Which law of thermodynamics is this?
1st law of thermodynamics
Which has the most energy?
Ice, water, or steam?
Steam, gases have the most energy compared to their liquid or solid counterpart
A hot pan is cooking eggs on top of it. What type of heat transfer is happening from the pan?
Conduction
(technically also radiation but barely)
Without a calculator, which object(s) will float in water?
m= V=
a) 90 g 50 cm3
b) 40 g 50 cm3
c) 110 g 50 cm3
d) 30 g 50 cm3
Objects b and d will float
True or false?
ALL types of kinetic energy involve movement.
True!
Kinetic means movement.
When does heat transfer stop?
When all objects are the same temperature (equilibrium)
What is the formula for density?
D = m/V
What two metals are the core of the earth primarily made of?
Iron and nickel
How can a thermal camera be used for electronics testing?
To see "hot spots" where the machine is working too hard.
Chemical potential energy can be found in...
literally anything made of chemicals.
(coal, oil, uranium, food, water, solids, liquids, gases, etc.)
Explain one law of thermodynamics using a refrigerator.
0th - Everything inside the refrigerator becomes the same temperature, no heat flows between them
1st - Energy is not being destroyed inside the refrigerator, it's just being moved outside
2nd - The use of electricity is causing more entropy (as heat) inside the room the refrigerator is in
What's denser, a kilogram of steel or a kilogram of feathers?
Steel, same mass (weight) but smaller volume
What are the layers of the Earth and their states of matter?
Crust - Mostly solid
Mantle - Solid, but moves like a liquid (like slime)
Outer Core - Liquid
Inner Core - Solid
How much of a gas car's energy is lost to its surroundings? Why?
75-84% of a gas car's energy is lost to the surroundings as heat or sound or friction
A held bowstring in a bow and arrow would be an example of ______ ______ energy.
potential elastic
Which law of thermodynamics best explains why heat moves from hotter objects to colder objects?
2nd law of thermodynamics, entropy is always increasing in a system, entropy (chaos) wants to spread
Which state of matter has a definite volume, but not a definite shape?
Liquid
The mantle is a solid. What type of heat transfer does it use to spread heat in the Earth? Why?
Convection, despite being a solid the mantle moves heat like a liquid (like slime)
What video played at the end of the Space Escape Room?
HAL 9000 singing Daisy Bell
Name at least 3 types of energy from the example below:
A hanging battery-powered lightbulb.
______ _____ energy
______ _____ energy
______ _____ energy
potential electrical
potential chemical
potential gravitational
kinetic electrical
kinetic light
kinetic sound, technically
kinetic thermal/heat, technically
Why does the universe naturally favor entropy (chaos)?
Chaos is just more likely to happen than order
What is the density of water? Don't forget its unit.
1 g/mL or 1 g/cm3
What are tectonic plates and why do they move?
Tectonic plates are plates of the crust that move because the mantle underneath them is rising and sinking like a slime
What is the name of the world's lightest solid?
Aerogel