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Minerals
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Vocab
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100
These are the building blocks of minerals. (aka- what are minerlas made of?)
What are elements?
100
The number of electrons in an atom if the atomic number is eight.
What is eight. Bonus bonus-- what element has 8 protons, 8 electrons and an atomic number of eight?
100
The central region of an atom is called the ____.
What is the nucleus?
100
This is NOT a characteristic of minerals? a. crystalline structure b. definite chemical composition c. formed by inorganic processes d. either liquid or solid
What is d- either liquid or solid
100
A group of sciences called ____________________ Science deals with Earth and its neighbors in space.
What is Earth?
200
This property is generally the least useful in identifying minerals. a. hardness c. cleavage b. streak d. color
What is d- color?
200
The number of neutrons, if the atomic number of an element is 6 and its mass number is 14.
What is eight?
200
The smallest particle of an element that still retains all the element’s properties is a(n) ____.
What is an atom?
200
Minerals are classified by ____. a. color c. size b. composition d. density
What is b- composition
200
Earth can be divided into four major spheres: the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, the ____________________, and the biosphere.
What is geosphere?
300
The appearance or quality of light reflected from the surface of a mineral is called ____.
What is luster?
300
The number of neutrons, if an atom has 17 electrons and its mass number is 35.
What is 18?
300
Atoms containing the same numbers of protons and different numbers of neutrons are ____.
What is an isotope?
300
The reason why ice in a glacier is considered to be a mineral, but water from a glacier is not? a. Water is not naturally occurring. b. Water does not have a chemical composition. c. Ice is not naturally occurring. d. Ice is a solid, but water is not.
What is d- Ice is a solid, but water is not.
300
The science of ____________________ is traditionally divided into two parts: physical and historical.
What is geology?
400
The resistance of a mineral to being scratched is called ____.
What is hardness?
400
The mass number of an atom is obtained by totaling the number of ____.
What is protons and neutrons?
400
The uneven breakage of a mineral is called____.
What is fracture?
400
The color of a mineral, such as fluorite, changes due to ____. a. small amounts of different elements b. differences in the hardness c. differences in the crystal structure d. differences in the density
What is a- small amounts of different elements
400
The theory of ____________________ provides a model to explain how volcanoes and earthquakes occur and how continents move.
What is plate tectonics?
500
The color of the powdered form of a mineral is called ____
What is streak?
500
The number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom Silicon which has an atomic number of 16 and a mass of 33.
What is 16 electrons and protons and 17 neutrons.
500
When two or more elements bond together in definite proportions, they form a(n) ____. a. ion c. nucleus b. atom d. compound
What is d- a compound?
500
How could you determine if a sample of gold is pure? a. Compare the sample’s density with that of pure gold. b. Compare the sample’s color with that of pure gold. c. Determine whether the sample is magnetic. d. Determine whether the sample will fizz in contact with hydrochloric acid.
What is a- Compare the sample’s density with that of pure gold.
500
Lines of ____________________ are used to measure distances east or west of the prime meridian in degrees
What is longitude?