Atoms and Elements
This is the basic unit of matter and contains protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is an atom?
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
What is an ionic bond?
These are the four major groups of macromolecules found in living things.
What are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins?
The substances that enter a chemical reaction are called these.
What are reactants?
Pure water has a pH of this number.
What is 7?
These two subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom.
What are protons and neutrons?
This type of bond forms when atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
This group of macromolecules provides cells with a major source of energy and includes sugars and starches.
What are carbohydrates?
The substances produced by a chemical reaction are called these.
What are products?
A solution with a pH below 7 is described as this.
What is acidic?
This negatively charged subatomic particle moves around the nucleus.
What is an electron?
A positively or negatively charged atom that has gained or lost electrons is called this.
What is an ion?
This group includes fats, oils, and waxes and is important for energy storage and cell membranes.
What are lipids?
The amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction started is called this.
What is activation energy?
A substance that dissolves another substance in a solution is called this.
What is a solvent?
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines this.
What is it's atomic number?
A water molecule is considered this because its electrons are unevenly distributed, giving it slightly positive and negative ends.
What is polar?
These macromolecules store and transmit genetic information and include DNA and RNA.
What are nucleic acids?
These biological catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.
What are enzymes?
The substance that gets dissolved in a solution is called this.
What is a solute?
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called these.
What are isotopes?
These weak attractions between molecules help geckos stick to walls and ceilings.
What are van der Waals forces?
These macromolecules are made from amino acids and can function as enzymes, transport molecules, structures, and disease-fighting molecules.
What are proteins?
The reactants of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction bind to this specific location on an enzyme.
What is the active site?
These substances help prevent sudden changes in pH and are important for maintaining homeostasis in organisms.
What are buffers?