Atom Anatomy
The atomic number on an element indicates the number of.....
Protons
When an atom loses and electron it is a(n)....
Cation
This bond is characterized by electron stealing
Ionic bond
What type of monomer is ATP?
ATP is a nucleotide
Something that is water loving is....
Hydrophilic
The mass of an atom can be found in the nucleus of an atom. What can be added to determine the mass of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
When atoms bond through opposite charges it is called an....
Ionic Bond
This bond is relatively weak and can be found in DNA (bond nucleotides)
Hydrogen bonds
What kind of reaction is hydrolysis?
Decomposition reaction
What is the definition of an acid
A proton donor...it releases a proton (H+) in water
Electrons are also an important part of an atom. Whereas they are not found in the nucleus they are found in....
(Has to be specific)
What is the proper definition of electrolytes
Salts that ionize when dissolved in water
This is the strongest chemical bond!
Nonpolar covalent bonds
This reaction is a specific synthesis reaction that removes a hydroxyl group from one monomer and removes a hydrogen from another to allow creation of a dimer or polymer of some type
Dehydration synthesis
What is the pH of blood
7.35-7.45
What is the valence shell AND what does ir determine?
It is the outermost shell and it determines the chemical bonding properties for said atom
Brittle bones
Coma
Cardiac arrest
This is a weak bond that takes place between neutral atoms
Van der Waals forces
What two processes are used to synthesize ATP
Glycolysis and cell respiration
I decided to make koolaid. I have my koolaid packet and water that I mix together. What is the solute, solvent, and solution?
Solute: Koolaid mix (the thing being dissolved)
Solvent: Water (the thing doing the dissolving)
Solution: Koolaid (the mixture)
What is the octet rule?
Think of Carbon...according to the octet rule, how many bonds would carbon have to make to be considered stable?
Octet Rule: An atom is most stable when the valence shell is full (8 electrons in the valence shell)
Carbon would need to make 4 bonds
What are the 3 reasons that electrolytes are important to the body
1. Conduct electric currents (example: muscle contraction)
2. Chemically reactive (example: calcium phosphate into bones)
3. Osmotic effects (water distribution and balance)
In this bond, electrons are shared in a way that creates slightly negative and slightly positive charges around each atom (meaning, one atom is slightly neg and the other is slightly pos). Which bond is this?
Polar covalent bond
This process occurs in the mitochondria and produces a LOT of ATP
Aerobic respiration
What are the properties of water that allow it to support life (there are 5)
1. Solvency
2. Cohesion
3. Adhesion
4. Chemical reactivity
5. Thermal stability