Chemistry of Life
Has mass and takes up space
matter
outermost shell of an atom
Valence shell
water is a ________ molecule due to the uneven distribution of electrons, giving it ends of partial charges
polar
chemical reaction that breaks apart molecules
hydrolysis/ catabolism
catalyzes chemical reactions or increases the rate of a chemical reaction
Enzyme
Charge of an electron
negative
Bond that holds a molecule together through the sharing of electrons
covalent bonding
due to its polarity, water forms ________ bonds between the slightly negative oxygen of one molecule and the slightly positive hydrogens of another
hydrogen bonding
Electron configuration of magnesium
1s22s22p63s2
Carbon can form up to _____ covalent bonds (answer is a number)
4
Charge of a proton
positive
bond that holds together molecules through the trading of electrons, that leads to atoms with opposite charges
ionic bond
property of water that allows water to stick to other things
adhesion
Bonds broken when water vaporizes are
Bonds (hydrogen) between water molecules
A hydrophobic (does not interact well with polar molecules) functional group
Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but a different atomic mass because they differ in the number of neutrons they contain
isotope
Attraction between two molecules, one containing hydrogen, with partial charges due to uneven distribution of electrons
hydrogen bond
property of water that allows animals to "walk on water"
surface tension
PH is 4.0, the hydrogen ion concentration in 1L of water (answer in moles/L)
10-4 moles/L
Name two charged functional groups that are considered acidic (release H+ in solution)
Carbonyl & Phosphate
How to find the number of protons in an element when looking at the periodic table
atomic number
Name one of the strong types of bonds
ionic or covalent
property of water that allows aquatic life to survive freezing temperatures
floats when frozen
PH is 4.0, the hydroxide ion concentration in 1L of water (answer in moles/L)
10-10 moles/1L
amount of energy greater than the energy contained in the reactants, which must be overcome for a reaction to proceed
Activation energy