Chemistry of Life Review

Polymers and Monomers

100

Nucleic Acid

Nucleotide

200

Protein

Amino Acid

300

Lipids

Fatty Acid

400

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides

500

What process creates polymers?

dehydration synthesis

Carbohydrates

100

What types of molecules are "saccharides"?

sugars

200

What carbohydrate is used as structure for plants?

cellulose

300

What elements make up carbohydrates?

CHO

400

What is the function of carbohydrates?

quick energy

500

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

C₆H₁₂O₆

Proteins

100

How many amino acids are there?

20

200

What is the name of the special protein that speeds up chemical reactions?

Enzyme

300

What level of protein structure has functional proteins?

tertiary

400

What type of bond holds amino acids to each other?

peptide bond

500

What atoms make up proteins?

CHONS

Nucleic Acids

100

How many parts are there to a nucleotide?

3

200

What are the two main nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA

300

Name the 5 bases.

ATCGU

400

What is the shape of DNA?

double helix

500

What bond holds nucleotides together?

phosphodiester

Lipids

100

What atom is found in small amounts in lipids?

oxygen

200

Almost all lipids are ___________. This means they hate water.

hydrophobic

300

What type of lipid is amphillic?

phospholipid

400

What type of lipid has a double bond between its carbons?

unsaturated fat

500

What is the name of the lipid category that includes cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen?

steroids