Chemistry
What is anything that takes up space and has mass called?
Matter
What is an attraction between two atoms, resulting from the sharing or transferring of valence electrons called?
Chemical Bonds
What is a cation?
A cation is a positively charged ion.
What type of molecule is water?
High Specific Heat
What is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions called?
Element
When a bond is shared between two atoms, what is it exactly that they are sharing?
An electron
What is an anion?
A anion is a negatively charged ion.
What is the upward movement of water due to the forces of cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension called?
Water is known as a versatile ______?
Versatile Solvent
What is a substance that consists of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio?
Compound
How many electrons are shared between:
- Single Bond
- Double Bond
- Triple Bond
- Single Bond: 1 electron
- Double Bond: 2 electrons
- Triple Bond: 3 electrons
What type of bonds are found between water molecules. Are they weak or strong?
Hydrogen Bonds, weak.
Capillary actions occurs when _________ is greater than _______.
Capillary action occurs when adhesion is greater than cohesion.
Hydrogen bonds cause water molecules to form a _______ structure?
Crystalline Structure
What four elements make up 96% of living matter?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
Describe a nonpolar covalent bond and a polar covalent bond.
A nonpolar covalent bond is when electrons are shared equally between between two atoms.
A polar covalent bond is when electrons are not shared equally between two atoms.
What does the unequal sharing of electrons cause in polar covalent bonds?
Partial charges
How does water have a high specific heat?
Hydrogen bonds! Heat must be absorbed to break hydrogen bonds, but heat is released when hydrogen bonds form
What is a solution, solvent, and solute?
Solution: homogenous mix of 2+ substances
Solvent: dissolving agent in a solution
Solute: substance that is dissolved
What is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons to itself called?
Electronegativity
What is an Ionic bond and give an example.
Ionic bond is the attraction between oppositely charged atoms (ions). An example is NaCl (Salt) or LiF.
What is the definition of an intermolecular bond?
A bond that forms between molecules.
What is cohesion?
Cohesion is attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind.
What is adhesion?
Adhesion is the clinging of one molecule to a different molecule.