Atoms and Elements
What is the basic unit of matter?
an atom
attracted to other water molecules
cohesion
True or False:
ADP has more energy than ATP.
false
2 examples of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
These three elements are required in organic molecules
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
What is a substance made out of one type of atom?
an element
polar
Catalysts speed up chemical reactions by ___________________ without being consumed in the process.
lowering/decreasing the activation energy needed
proteins
This element is found as part of the backbone of a strand of RNA or DNA; Give its name AND symbol
What is formed when an atom gives an electron to another atom?
an ionic bond
How do water molecules bond to other water molecules? Be specific!
Hydrogen atoms from one water molecule bond to Oxygen atoms from another water molecule - hydrogen bonding
energy is released when ATP __________ a phosphate group
releases
sugar is an example of
carbohydrates
Name the elements that correspond to the following symbols. You must get all 3 to get the answer correct.
a. Cl b. K c. Mg
a. chlorine
b. potassium
c. magnesium
What type of bond is formed when two atoms share electrons?
covalent
attracted to other substances
adhesion
ATP has _____ phosphate groups
3
a large molecule made of smaller molecules is called
a polymer
This element is essential for nerve transmission
Sodium
Substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in specific proportions
compound
Because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid, water is called...
the universal solvent
ADP has ___ phosphate groups
2
long term energy storage
lipids (fats)
For the most efficient breakdown of glucose for energy, which element must be present
oxygen