General Chemistry
The reactions of alkanes and other hydrocarbons with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and heat.
combustion
The study of chemical compounds containing carbon
organic chemistry
ionic compounds composed of any cation except H+ and any anion except OH-
salts
Hydrocarbons characterized by one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms
alkynes
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
hydrogen
The complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons found in the earth's crust
petroleum
alkanes and other organic compounds consisting of only hydrogen and carbon
hydrocarbons
Substituted hydrocarbons containing one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH)
alcohols
What type of substance consists of two or more elements chemically combined?
compound
What is the semiconductor most commonly used to make computer chips?
silicone
An atom that gains electrons in a chemical reaction is said to undergo
reduction
hydrocarbons consisting of rings containing delocalized electrons
aromatic hydrocarbons
Sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids
soaps
Name the following compound. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
pentane
What group of lipids includes cholesterol, bile salts, and vitamin D?
steroids
The minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction is called
activation energy
protein catalysts found in living things
enzymes
Biological polymers composed of long chains of sugars
polysaccharides
What element is ozone a form of?
oxygen
What is the oxidation number of carbon in the iron ore siderite (FeCO3)?
+4
The outermost electrons in an atom, which are involved in chemical bonding
valence electrons
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms
isomers
Rubbery polymers made from silicon-oxygen chains rather than carbon chains
silicones
What is the pH of 1 x 10-3 M solution of HCl?
3
In a reversible chemical reaction represented
A + B--> <- AB, how would adding more of substance A to the system affect the equilibrium?
shift right