IMF and Solutions
Thermochemistry
Equilibrium
Acids and Bases
Gas Laws
100

With what molecules do hydrogen bonds form with

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine

100

What is energy and what are types of it?

Energy:Is defined as the ability to do work, can be classified as either kinetic or potential energy


100

Do reaction ever stop?

Reactions never stop, often times reactions will have a forward and reverse action. These two reactions are constantly working together to achieve equilibrium.

100

What are Arrhenius Acids and Bases

Arrhenius Acids yield hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions while Arrhenius Bases are compounds that ionize to yield hydroxide in aqueous solutions.

100

What are the properties that define Gas?

Properties that define Gas

Temperature

Pressure 

Volume

Amount of gas/moles


200

Name the different types of bonds in order from weakest to smallest.

Weakest to strongest:

LDF

Dipole-Dipole

Hydrogen 

Metallic

Ionic

200

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Law of conservation of energy

Energy can neither be created or destroyed merely transformed

200

What is the equation for Equilibrium?

Keq=C*D=A*B

200

What is self ionization of Water

The process where water ionizes to hydronium and hydroxide ions when water particles collide. This process is limited and does not occur in great values

200

If I have 5 carbon molecules and 10 oxygen molecule, and it take 2 molecules of oxygen + 1 molecule of carbon to make a CO2 molecule, what is my limiting reactant

The limiting reactant is Carbon

300

What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

A solute is a substance that can be dissolved into a solution by a solvent. A solvent is a substance in which a solute is dissolved

300

What is the equation for specific heat

Q=mc∆t

M=mass c= specific heat t= change in heat q= heat



300

What is Le Chatelier's Principle 

Le Chatelier's Principle

If you induce stress on a system then the system will shift to relieve the stress

300

When strong acids and bases react what do they produce and what is the reaction called?

The reaction is called neutralization, where an acid and base react to produce salt and water.

300

What are Boyle's law, Gay-Lussac's Law, and Charles Law?

Boyle’s law

Temperature is a constant 

States that volume of a gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to the gas pressure

Pressure increase=volume decrease

Equation: P1 x V1 = P2 x V2


P= pressure

V= volume


Gay-Lussac’s Law

Pressure of a sample of gas at constant volume, is directly proportional to its temperature

More temperature=more pressure


Equation: P1/T1= P2/T2


P= pressure

T= temperature  


Charles Law

Pressure is fixed

Higher Temp makes gas molecules move faster

Equation: V1/T1=V2/T2

400

Given: V(NO3)3
initial concentration (M1): 0.3 M
final concentration (M2): 0.059 M
final volume (V2): 1.95 L

Wanted: liters of concentrated solution (V1)?

V1=M2×V2/M1 = 0.059M×1.95L/0.3 M = 0.384 L

400

Convert 5782 calories to Joules

5782*1/1000*4.18= 24.17 J

400

What is the value of equilibrium Kc for the reaction depicted below? The concentration of NH, is 0.010M, N, is 0.050M, and H, is 0.0010M.

2NH: = N2 + 3H2

Answer:0.0000005 or 5*10^-6
400

Given:
Concentration of hypoiodous acid [HOI] = 1.245 M
pH = 5.27

Wanted: H+

Answer:5.370*10^-6

H+=10^-pH

H+=10^-5.72

H+=5.370*10^-6

400

CH4 + 2H2O → 4H2(g) + CO2(g)

How many grams of hydrogen can be produced from the reaction of 80.0 g of CH4 and 16.3 g of water? What is the limiting reactant?

Answer: Water

Produces 3.65g of H2 while CH4 produces 40.27g of H2

500

Hydrogen Chloride is a very dangerous gas, but when dissolved in water it make an easier to use (hydrochloric acid). HCl usually comes in a very concentrated form of HCl and will read 32% by weight % with a density of 1.1592. Convert to molarity.

Answer: 10.17M

1: Calculate mass of solution. 1.1592*1000ml=1159.2g

2:Calculate mass of HCL. 32% of 1159.2=370.944g

3:Calculate how many moles of HCL you have. 370.944g/36.46g/mol=10.17 moles

4: Convert to molarity. 10.17m/1L=10.17M

500

Substance: silicon dioxide (SiO2)
heat transferred (q): 272280 J released
specific heat capacity (c): 0.703 J/(g·K)
amount (m): 205 g

Wanted:
temperature change (ΔT) in kelvins (K)?

Answer: 1890

∆T=Q/CM

∆T=272280/0.703*205

∆T=1890

500

2 BrCl(g)  ⇄  Br2(g)  +  Cl2(g)

Given:
• PBr2 = 5.22 atm
• PBrCl = 0.593 atm
• PCl2 = 1.43 atm
• T = 298°C
• V = 20 L
Wanted: gas equilibrium constant

 Answer: 21.3

(Br2)(Cl2)/(BrCl)^2

500

Given:
glycolic acid (C2H4O3)
pH = 1.79
Ka = 1.472 × 10-4
Wanted: Concentration of glycolic acid [C2H4O3]?


[H+]=10^-pH 

10^-1.79 

= 1.622×10^-2M

[C2H4O3] = ([H+])/2Ka+[H+]

=(1.622×10^-2)^2/1.472×10^-4 +1.622*10^-2

500

2 Eu + 6 H2O → 2 Eu(OH)3 + 3 H2


213.6 grams of Eu are reacted with 464.64 grams of H2O, how many grams of Eu(OH)3 will be produced?


Answer: 285.3

Eu is the limiting reactant