Vocabulary
the branch of science that studies the composition, structure, properties, and behaviors of matter
What is Chemistry?
The process in which substances, called reactants, undergo a transformation to form new substances, called products, through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.
What is a chemical reaction?
a substance that is made up of two or more different elements and are chemically combined in fixed proportions
What is a compound?
alters the appearance or state of a substance without changing its chemical composition.
What is a physical change?
a combination of 2 or more substances that are physically combined, but not chemically bonded, thus maintaining the chemical properties.
What is a mixture?
the basic unit of a chemical element
What is an atom?
states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed, only rearranged.
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
occurs when two or more atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
a process in which on or more substances are transformed into entirely new substances with different chemical properties and compositions.
What is a chemical change?
a homogenous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is evenly distributed within the solvent.
What is a solution?
a positively charged particle found in the atom's nucleus
What is a proton?
requires energy typically in the form of heat
What are exothermic reactions?
form when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.
What are an ionic bonds?
are physical properties to observe and measure
what are: state of matter
thermal conductivity
density
solubility
ductility
the substance dissolved in a solution versus the substance that dissolves the solute.
What are a SOLUTE versus a SOLVENT
a neutral particle found in the atom's nucleus
This reaction releases energy usually in the form of light or heat.
occur between metal atoms and electrons are not shared or transferred but rather move freely around positive metal ions.
What are metallic bonds.
are chemical properties to describe a compounds ability to change or react
What are: reactivity
flammability
acidity or alkalinity
toxicity
stability
The universal solvent
What is WATER?
negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus within the electron cloud.
What is an electron?
Challenge: diagrams of molecules that depict the arrangement of atoms, bonds, and valence electrons
What are Lewis structures?
Tells us that compounds are composed of a fixed proportion of atoms.
What is the Law of Definite Proportions?
Challenge: Simplified representations of atoms that illustrate how electrons are arranged around the nucleus
What are Bohr Models?
The five types of solutions that occur based on the state of matter involved.
What are
gas in gas
gas in liquid
liquid in liquid
solid in liquid
solid in solid