Atomic Combonations
What are valence electrons?
The electrons found in the outermost shell
What is electrostatic attraction?
The attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What is a covalent bond?
The bond formed when atoms share valence electrons.
What is a metallic bond?
An array of positive ions in a sea of electrons
What is bent (V-shaped)?
The molecular shape of H20
What is electronegativity?
The measure of an atom’s attraction for electrons.
What is an ionic lattice?
The type of structure formed by potassium chloride (KCl).
What is a Lewis structure?
Shows the arrangement of valence shell electrons in a molecule.
What is ductility
The property of being able to be drawn into wires.
Name a substance that is soluble in water.
potassium nitrate
Two electrons participating in a bond are called?
Bonding electrons
What is a crystal lattice or ionic lattice?
Ions held in a strong, repeating 3D lattice
What is bent and polar?
The shape and polarity of sulfur dioxide (SO2).
What is an alloy?
Formed from a mixture of metals.
Which giant covalent structure conducts electricity?
Graphite
Electrons found in the highest energy level of an atom?
Justify why potassium chloride is not malleable
Because identical ions repel and disrupt the structure under pressure.
The Lewis structure for ammonia (NH3) has this shape.
Trigonal pyramidal
Justify why copper is malleable.
Layers of atoms can slide past each other due to non-directional metallic bonds.
Name three types of chemical bonding
Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic
What is a solvent
A liquid that dissolves another substance
What is the center of positive charge?
The point of equal distance between all positive charges in a structure.
Compare bond angles and shapes for H2O, CS2, and PH3.
H2O is bent (109.5°), CS2 is linear (180°), and PH3 is trigonal pyramidal (109.5°).
Draw and label the structure of a metallic bond
Draw a lattice of positive metal ions surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons.
The formula for copper(II) hypochlorite.
Cu(OCl)