Atomic Theory
What term is defined as "the basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element"
Atom
What three things do all elements on the periodic table contain.
Atomic Number
Chemical symbol
Atomic Mass
What is the term that defines " a chart showing all of the elements arranged according to the repeating pattern of properties"?
The periodic table
What is the term that refers to "a change in matter that produces one or more new substances" ?
A chemical change
What element is found in Group 6 and Period 4?
Chromium (Cr)
What three components make up and atoms structure? What are their charges?
Proton (+)
Neutron (0)
Electron (-)
What does the atomic number represent for an element?
The number of protons in an an atom of that element.
On the periodic table, you are able to find a given element using the period and grouping. What direction are periods and what direction are groupings?
Periods go side to side
Groups are up and down
What is a physical change?
A change that alters the appearance of a substance without changing it into a different substance.
Create and electron dot diagram for this compound:
CaF2
F - Ca - F
both Flourines should ahve a full octet replaced by a single bond where calcium donated its electrons. Calcium should no longer have any dots around it. Each F should have a bond and 6 remaining dots.
What subatomic particle are found in the nucleus of an atom? What particle are found outside of the nucleus?
Proton and neutrons are found int he center of an atom. Electrons are located outside of the nucleus.
The number of protons in an atom is equal to the number of what other subatomic particle?
Electrons
What is the difference between a heterogeneous mixture and a homogeneous mixture.
Heterogeneous mixtures have distinct components while homogeneous mixtures blend together and often look the same throughout.
Using the periodic table how are we able to find the number of valence electrons an element has?
Using the group numbers the element is located in. This doe snot apply to transition metals (center group).
If the element is in groups 1 and 2 they have the same number of valence electrons. Groups 13 through 18 you are able to find by subtracting the group number by ten.
An atom of choline has an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of 37. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the same atom?
17 protons
17 electrons
20 neutrons
What is the different between a scientific law and a theory?
A law is considered to be true and does not change. A theory is an explanation that may change with new evidence.
mass number - atomic number = neutrons
What is a covalent bond?
A bond of equal sharing of electrons.
What is the difference between an exothermic reaction and an endothermic reaction?
An exothermic reaction releases heat while and endothermic reaction absorbs heat.
Identify the elements in the formula, the number of atoms in each element, and the total number of atoms.
2 Al(CO2)3
2 Aluminum
6 Carbons
12 Oxygen
Total Atoms= 20
What is the term for an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element?
Isotope
What is the difference between a compound and a molecule?
A molecule is atoms of the same element bonded together while a compounds is atoms of different elements bonded together.
What is an ionic bond?
A bond of unequal sharing where an atom will either donate or receive an electron from the element it is bonding to.
What are the three things we can observe that tells us a chemical reaction has occured?
A color change
Gas production
Formation of a Precipitate (two liquids mixed together creating a solid)
Balance this chemical equation.
N2 + ____ H2 ------> _____ NH3
N2 + 3H2 -----> 2NH3