States of Matter and Gas Laws
Gold's natural state has a definite shape and a definite volume. What is gold's natural state(s)?
Solid
What are the rows called?
Periods
One element replaces another in a compound.
Single replacement reaction
Atom/molecule with a non-neutral electric charge, as a result of non-equal numbers of protons and electrons.
Ion
Under which conditions would the solubility of a gas be greatest?
High Pressure and low temperature
Which best describes why a liquid needs a container when a solid does not?
Solids have definite shapes and liquids fill the container.
While moving down in a group, the metallic character …………..
Increases
How would you write the balanced chemical equation in Exercise 10 if all substances were gases?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
Calculated by subtracting number of electrons from number of protons. Located on top right of chemical symbol.
ion charge
Which factor increases the rate of dissolution in an unsaturated solution?
Increasing the temperature
Substance changes directly from a solid to a gas.
Sublimation
Which of the following element has a zero valency?
A.) Chlorine
B.) Helium
C.) Caesium
D.) Livermorium
B.) Helium
From the statement “nitrogen and hydrogen react to produce ammonia,” identify the reactants and the products.
Reactants: nitrogen and hydrogen; product: ammonia.
The sum of the protons and neutrons. Located on top left of chemical symbol.
Mass number
Which refers to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature and pressure?
Solubility
If the temperature of a fixed amount of a gas is doubled at constant volume, what happens to the pressure?
Temperature and Pressure are directly proportional. Pressure will also have to increase (doubling).
What are the vertical columns called?
Groups
Balance: ___NaClO3 → ___NaCl + ___O2
2NaClO3 → 2NaCl + 3O2
Particle with no charge, and contributes to mass number. Has no effect on element type, but causes isotopes.
Neutron
Which method would increase the solubility of a gas?
Increasing the pressure
What is the temperature of an 11.2-L sample of carbon monoxide, CO, at 744 torr if it occupies 13.3 L at 55 °C and 744 torr?
276°K
Non-metals are found on the LEFT or RIGHT side of the periodic chart of elements?
Right
___Al + ___O2 → ___Al2O3
4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
Represents the number of protons. Located on bottom left of chemical symbol.
Atomic number
Under which conditions will sugar most likely dissolve fastest in a cup of water?
Sugar crystals with stirring at 15°C