atoms & molecules
Atoms of the same element that have different neutron numbers
What is an isotope?
Ancient Greek; 2400 years ago; first to promote the idea that everything is made of tiny particles called atoms
Who is Democritus?
The distance between two crests on a wave
What is wavelength?
an element with 30 electrons
What is zinc?
an example is the compound HCl
What is an Acid?
drawings depicting the configuration of a molecule using dots and lines for electrons and bonds
What is a Lewis Diagram?
Father of Atomic Theory; drew very detailed pictures of what atoms might look like
Who is John Dalton?
How high wave crests are from base level
What is amplitude?
an element with 47 protons
What is Silver?
an example is ammonia
What is a base?
states that most atoms strive to reach 8 valence electrons in their outer shell
What is the octet rule?
hit gold foil with alpha particles from a radioactive substance and discovered protons and nucleus of an atom
Who is Ernest Rutherford?
the number of crests that pass a certain point in one second and its measured in Hertz
What is Frequency?
have all of their valence electrons and do not react easily
What are Noble Gasses?
a substance that turns color in the presence of an acid
What is an indicator?
A measure of how strongly an atom attracts extra electrons
What is electronegativity?
promoted idea of multiple circular orbits of electrons around the nucleus called the Bohr model of an atom
Who is Niels Bohr?
states that light is made of photons that move in waves
What is particle- wave duality?
this is the compound Mn2O3
What is manganese (III) oxide?
The amount of energy needed to take an electron away from an atom
What is ionization energy?
the vertical columns in the periodic table.
What are groups?