States of matter
What is an instrument that is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Barometer
What is the energy-releasing process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid?
Condensation
What group of elements do Ca, Be, and Mg belong to?
Alkaline Earth Metals
Elements in group 1 are called?
Alkali Metals
______ is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount; results from an uneven distribution of attractive forces
Surface Tension
What is the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure is equal to the external or atmospheric pressure?
Boiling point
What is the strongest force attracting particles together?
Ionic
Which group on the periodic table are the MOST reactive?
Alkali metals
What group of elements easily gains one valence electron?
Halogens
______ has a definite shape and definite volume; the particles vibrate in fixed positions
Solid
What is the movement of one material through another from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Diffusion
What is the process in which a liquid is changed into a gas or vapor?
Evaporation
What is the Electron configuration for Na
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
What category do most of the elements of the periodic table fall under?
Metals
What is ESSENTIAL in order to change states of matter?
Energy
What is the temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid?
Freezing Point
What is the attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules?
dipole-dipole force
What are the electrons called that are in the outer energy level?
Valence Electrons
Which group on the periodic table are the LEAST reactive?
Noble gas
What happens to electronegativity as you move down each group?
It decreases
What is the temperature at which the solid melts to become a liquid?
Melting Point
Which state of matter can change shape, volume, and density?
Gas
What two atomic properties have an increasing trend as you move across a period?
electronegativity and Atomic number
How many valence electrons does hydrogen have?
7
On the periodic table transition metals are what groups?
Groups 3 - 12