Nonmetals
what is the most abundant element in the universe?
Nitrogen
metal used in wiring and as a component of brass and bronze
copper
has an allotrope called ozone
oxygen
a mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended and do not settle out
colloid
the minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction
activation energy
oxygen
metal commonly refined by means of blast furnaces
iron
halogen used in dental hygiene and in the manufacturing of refrigerants
flourine
a chemical system in which the rates of reaction in opposite directions have equalized so that the concentration of production and reactant is constant
equilibrium
the science of extracting metals from their ores and preparing them for use
metallurgy
noble gas used in airships and weather balloons
helium
the most malleable and ductile metal known
gold
halogen used in the disinfection of drinking water and the synthesis of medicines
chlorine
a mixture of two or more metals, usually melted together
alloy
substances that dissolve in water to produce ions that can conduct an electrical current
electrolytes
exists in an unstable white allotrope and a more stable red allotrope
phosphorus
most common semimetal; found in computer chips, glass, and sand
silicon
the element used to make matches and some fertilizers; used mainly as an industrial chemical
sulfur
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction
catalyst
the flow of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution
osmosis
extracted from petroleum using the Claus process; used to make an industrial acid
sulfur
alkaline earth metal that helps compose limestone, slaked lime, and cement
calcium
has the isotopes known as protium, deuterium, and tritium
helium
the study of reaction rates and pathways
chemical kinetics
a factor that causes a change in an equilibrium system
stress