Electrochemistry
Consider the equation:
6KI + K2Cr2O7 + 14 HClO3 --> 3I2 + 2Cr(ClO3)3 + 8KClO3 + 7H2O
a) Find the oxidizing agent and reducing agent
b) What is the oxidation number of chromium in K2Cr2O7?
a) OA: 6KI, RA: K2Cr2O7
b) +6
1. Lewis structure (and resonance if it has any)
2. Molecular Shape
3. Electron Pair Geometry
4. Shorthand electron configuration of central atom in filling order
5. Orbital diagram
1. no resonance
2. T-shape
3. Trigonal Bipyrimidal (AX3E2)
4.[Ne] 3s2 3p5
What are the four methods used to represent enthalpy change?
Ex: H2 (g) + 1/2 O2 --> H2O (g)
1. Energy term IN equation
2. Energy term separate from equation
3. Energy term reported separately as molar enthalpy
4. Potential energy diagram
Describe the typical changes of the line caused by the following stresses in a C vs. T graph. Sketch it out.
1. Concentration
2. Temperature
3. Pressure
1. Concentration - one sharp decrease or increase
2. Temperature - all gradual increase or decrease
3. Pressure - all sharp increase or decrease
Draw cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene. Explain the difference between the two.
refer to reference sheet
Draw a galvanic cell with a La (s), La3+ (aq) half cell and a Sn2+(aq), Sn4+ (aq), Pt (s) halfcell.
Label EVERYTHING.
Checklist:
1. cathode, anode
2. which is losing/gaining mass
3. electron flow
4. half reactions
5. ion follow between half cells and salt bridge
6. oxidation, reduction
7. SRA, WRA, WOA, SOA
a) what's the name to describe its hybridization?
b) Is it polar or nonpolar? explain.
a) sp2
b) Polar
You are throwing a fondue party! You need to heat 800.0 mL of vegetable oil from SATP to 190.0 celsius using an ethanol burner, and need to know how much ethanol is required. Knowing that the molar enthalpy of combustion of ethanol (C2H5O2) is -1367 kJ/mol, and that vegetable oil has a density of 0.920 g/mL and specific heat capacity of 2.000 J/gC, what mass of ethanol is required?
8.190 g
What is the pH of a 0.300M morphine solution (C17H19NO3) of the Kb of morphine is 7.5 x 10-7?
pH = 10.68
Alcohol (hydroxyl): -ol
Aldehyde: -al
Ketone: -one
Alkyl Halide: chloro, bromo, fluoro, iodo
Ether: -oxy
Ester: -oate
Carboxylic Acid: -oic acid
Amide: -amide
Amine: -amine
Balance the following equation in a basic medium using any method. Show all work.
ClO- (aq) + Fe(OH)3 (aq) --> Cl-(aq) +FeO4-2 (aq)
3
(high) NaF, HF, HCl, Cl2, F2 (low)
Determine the enthalpy change for the combustion of one mole of liquid pentane, producing carbon dioxide and water vapour.
-3244.8 KJ
Predict whether the following salt is acidic, basic, or neutral. Explain.
Chromium (III) oxalate
Name this molecule:
refer to reference sheet
4,5 - dimethyl-3-phenyldeca-1-diene
What are the 6 types of solids? Include:
a) bonds
b) conductivity
c) melting/boiling point
d) type of molecule in the bond
e) regular or irregular lattice
f) brittle/hardness
g) example
1. Ionic (ionic bonds, conductive as liquid, high MP, cations/anions, regular, brittle, NaCl)
2. Covalent Network (covalent bonds, bad conductor, high MP, enormous network of atoms, regular, hard, diamond/graphite)
3. Molecular (Intramolecular forces, bad conductor, low MP, NP/P molecules, regular, soft, water)
4. Metallic (metallic bonds, good conductor, range for MP and hardness, fixed metallic cations with delocalized electrons, regular lattice, iron)
5. Atomic (LDF, bad conductor, very low MP, noble gas atoms, regular, noble gases)
6. Amophous (covalent bonds, bad conductor, low MP, atoms, soft, irregular, glass/amber)
Tell us in full detail about the 5 factors affecting rate. (include explanations and what it actually affects)
1. Temperature - affects fraction of effective collisions and frequency of collisions
- Temperature increase = kinetic energy increases = activation energy decreases
2. Surface Area - affects the frequency of collisions
- More exposure of reactants between two phases (only for heterogenous systems)
3. Catalyst - affects the fraction of effective collisions
- Activation energy needed to react decreases
4. Concentration - affects the frequency of collisions
- concentration increase = # of particles increase = # of collisions increases in a fixed volume
5. Chemical Nature of Reactants - affects the fraction of effective collisions
- weak bonds = lower activation energy = higher reactivity (easier to break)
- strong bonds = higher activation energy (harder to break)
What mass of yttrium iodate would be dissolved on 500.0 mL of a saturated solution of this salt?
m: 0.43586 g (maybe?)
Draw this molecule in condensed structural diagram, expanded molecular formula, line structural diagram, and a complete structural diagram:
3,7 - dimethylnon-4-ene (have fun with that)
refer to reference sheet