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Matter and Measurment
Atomic Theory
Gases
Periodicity
Bonus
100
What Kelvin temperature is equal to 25°C? 248 K 298 K 100 K 200 K
298K
100
Compared to the charge and mass of a proton, an electron has 1) the same charge and a smaller mass 2) the same charge and the same mass 3) an opposite charge and a smaller mass 4) an opposite charge and the same mass
3) an opposite charge and a smaller mass
100
An ideal gas is contained in a volume V at temperature T. If the volume is doubled at constant pressure, the temperature will be: 1) unchanged 2) halved 3) doubled
What is doubled
100
Which three groups of the Periodic Table contain the most elements classified as metalloids (semimetals)? 1) 1, 2, and 13 2) 2, 13, and 14 3) 14, 15, and 16 4) 16, 17, and 18
3) 14, 15, and 16
100
When the external pressure is 101.3 kPa torr, water will boil at what temperature? 1) 12.8°C 2) 14.5°C 3) 100°C 4) 18°C
3) 100°C Use Reference Table H. When the vapor pressure of water is 101.3 kPa, the temperature on Table H is 100°C. When the atmospheric pressure above a liquid equals its vapor pressure, the liquid will boil. If the vapor pressure was 50 kPa, water would boil at about 82°C.
200
A sample of an element has a mass of 34.261 grams and a volume of 3.8 cubic centimeters. To which number of significant figures should the calculated density of the sample be expressed? 1) 5 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
2) 2
200
When alpha particles are used to bombard gold foil, most of the alpha particles pass through undeflected. This result indicates that most of the volume of a gold atom consists of ____. 1) deuterons 2) neutrons 3) protons 4) unoccupied space
4) unoccupied space
200
A balloon contains 4 moles of an ideal gas with a volume of 5.0 L. If an additional 8 moles of the gas is added at constant pressure and temperature, what will be the final volume of the balloon?
15 L
200
Which element has the highest first ionization energy? 1) sodium 2) aluminum 3) calcium 4) phosphorus
4) phosphorus
200
As ice cools from 273 K to 263 K, the average kinetic energy of its molecules will 1) decrease 2) increase 3) remain the same
1) decrease By definition, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in matter. As the temperature decreases, the average kinetic energy also decreases.
300
Which substance can be decomposed by chemical change? 1. beryllium 3. methanol 2. boron 4. magnesium
3. methanol
300
Which symbols represent atoms that are isotopes? 1) C-14 and N-14 2) O-16 and O-18 3) I-131 and I-131 4) Rn-222 and Ra-222
2) O-16 and O-18
300
4 moles of nitrogen gas are confined to a 6.0 L vessel at 177 °C and 12.0 atm. If the vessel is allowed to expand isothermally to 36.0 L, what would be the final pressure?
2.0 atm
300
When a metal atom combines with a nonmetal atom, the nonmetal atom will 1) lose electrons and decrease in size 2) lose electrons and increase in size 3) gain electrons and decrease in size 4) gain electrons and increase in size
4) gain electrons and increase in size
300
Which of the following represents a physical change? (A). Electricity is used to generate oxygen and hydrogen from water. (B). Calcium carbonate is dissolved by stomach acid. (C). Solid ice is melted into liquid water. (D). Natural gas is burned as a heat source.
(C). Solid ice is melted into liquid water.
400
A beaker contains both alcohol and water. These liquids can be separated by distillation because the liquids have different 1) boiling points 2) densities 3) particle sizes 4) solubilities
What is boiling points
400
An ion with 5 protons, 6 neutrons, and a charge of 3+ has an atomic number of 1) 5 2) 6 3) 8 4) 11
1) 5
400
The temperature of a sample of an ideal gas in a sealed 5.0 L container is raised from 27 °C to 77 °C. If the initial pressure of the gas was 3.0 atm, what is the final pressure?
3.5 atm
400
When combining with nonmetallic atoms, metallic atoms generally will 1) lose electrons and form negative ions 2) lose electrons and form positive ions 3) gain electrons and from negative ions 4) gain electrons and form positive ions Correct Answer Number: 2
2) lose electrons and form positive ions
400
Isotopes are atoms of an element with identical chemical properties but with different (A). numbers of protons. (B). Atomic masses. (C). numbers of electrons. (D). atomic numbers.
(B). Atomic masses. The isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons, which identifies them as atoms of a particular element with certain chemical properties, but different number of neutrons, which makes a difference in the masses of the atoms.
500
In a laboratory exercise to determine the volume of a mole of a gas at STP, a student determines the volume to be 2.25 liters greater than the accepted value of 22.4 liters. The percent error in the student's value is 1) 2.25% 2) 10.0 % 3) 20.2% 4) 24.7%
What is 10.0%
500
When electrons in an atom in an excited state fall to lower energy levels, energy is 1) absorbed, only 2) released, only 3) neither released nor absorbed 4) both released and absorbed
2) released, only
500
A 9.0 L volume of chlorine gas is heated from 27 °C to 127 °C at constant pressure. What is the final volume?
12.0 L
500
An atom of which of the following elements has the greatest ability to attract electrons? 1) silicon 2) sulfur 3) nitrogen 4) chlorine
4) chlorine See Ref. Table S. Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons. The greater the ability to attract, the higher the electronegativity. Chlorine has the highest electronegativity of the choices given.
500
An atom of an element belonging to the alkali metal family has (A). one outer shell electron. (B). two outer shell electrons. (C). all outer shell electrons but one. (D). all outer shell electrons.
(A). one outer shell electron.