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100
Basic Atoms of Life
What is Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus and Sulfur?
100
Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism.
What is Metabolism?
100
these are acid loving microbes. Propionibacterium acnes - thrive at pH4 -cause acne Helicobacter pylori - can survive stomach acid - cause ulcers
What is acidophiles?
100
Ready energy source, part of backbones of nucleic acids, converted to amino acids, form cell wall, involved in intracellular interactions between animals cells.
What are Carbohydrates?
100
H+=OH-.
What is neutral?
200
Chemical reaction where large molecules are broken into smaller molecules. Requires water and usually an enzyme to break covalent bond. Reactant+Reactant=Product.
What is Hydrolysis?
200
Substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions (H+) and one or more anions (-).
What is Acid?
200
Microbes that prefer high pH.
What are alkalinophiles?
200
functions: Structures in cell walls, membranes, etc., Catalysts (enzymes), Regulation Hormones (messengers), Transport channels in plasma membranes, Defense antibodies, complement, Offense bacteriocins (bacterial proteins that kill other bacteria.
What is Protein?
200
OH- greater than H+.
What is a base?
300
2 smaller molecules are joined together to form a larger molecule. Water is removed. Covalent bond formed. Reactant=Product+Product.
What is Dehydration reaction?
300
A molecule that binds with H+ when dissolved in water. Some dissociate into cations (+) and hydroxyl ions (OH-).
What is Acid?
300
composed of a glycerol and 3 fatty acid. Function: Energy storage.
What are Fats?
300
Nucleotides are the monomers for these.
What are Nucleic Acids?
300
Loss of a proteins 3D shape.
What is denaturation?
400
Reactant+Reactant=Product. Dehydration synthesis type reaction. Endothermic - requires energy. Example: Algae making glucose.
What is Anabolism (Synthesis)?
400
A molecule that binds with H+ when dissolved in water. Some dissociate into cations (+) and hydroxyl ions (OH-).
What is Base?
400
Composed of a glycerol, 2 fatty acids and phosphate. Function: Diffusion, aids in the movement of molecules.
What are phospholipids?
400
These are all properties: Polar molecule, Excellent solvent, Liquid across wider range of temperatures, this can moderate temperatures, this is critical in carrying out chemical reactions in all organisms.
What is Water?
400
DISCUSSION POINT!!! Describe the monomer, structure and function of: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins.
LOOK AT YOUR NOTES IN CHAPTER 2!
500
Product=Reactant+Reactant. Hydrolysis type reaction. Exothermic- releases energy. Example: Aerobic decomposition of glucose (cellular respiration).
What is Catabolism (Decomposition)?
500
Measure of the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution.
What is pH scale?
500
Composed of an Ester and 1 fatty acid. Function: Water repellent, cell wall protection (mycobacteria).
What are Waxes?
500
More H+ than OH-.
What is an Acid?
500
DISCUSSION POINT!!! Identify in living systems and by analyzing chemical structures the four classes of organic molecules.
LOOK AT YOUR NOTES!!!