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Vocabulary
Pure Substances and Mixtures
Atoms and the Periodic Table
Families, Metals, and Non-Metals
Chemical Properties, Physical Properties, Chemical Changes, and Physical Changes
100
This states that "Matter cannot be created or destroyed."
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
100
This has a definite and constant composition and can either be an element or a compound, but the composition of it does not vary.
What is a Pure Substance?
100
This is the basic building block of matter.
What is an Atom?
100
These are dull, brittle, and do not conduct heat and electricity well.
What is a Nonmetal?
100
These are characteristics that can be observed without changing the identity of a substance.
What are Physical Properties?
200
This is the component in a solution that is being dissolved.
What is a Solute?
200
This is a mixture that appears to be the same throughout.
What is a Homogeneous Mixture?
200
These are found in the atom and have a negative charge. They also move in a rapid, continuous motion around the nucleus.
What is an Electron?
200
This is the dividing line between the metals and non-metals.
What is the Staircase?
200
These are irreversible changes that result in a new substance being formed. Evidence of these occuring includes gas production, formation of a precipitate, color or temperature change, a new odor, or a projection of light or sound.
What are Chemical Changes?
300
This is a system that can freely exchange matter and energy with its surroundings.
What is an Open System?
300
This is a composition of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and are capable of being separated.
What is a Mixture?
300
This is a column of elements on the Periodic Table.
What is a Group?
300
These are elements that border the Staircase and have characteristics "in between" metals and non-metals or some combonation.
What are Metalloids?
300
A sugar cube dissolving is an example of this.
What is a Physical Change?
400
This is the process when oxygen combines with an element, which changes the appearence of the element (this is a chemical change).
What is Oxidation?
400
This is a substance composed of atoms having an identical number of protons in each nucleus. These cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is an Element?
400
The number of nuetrons plus the number of protons in an atom make up this.
What is the Atomic Mass/Weight?
400
This is a Family found on the very left of the Periodic Table, and includes Sodium, Potassium, and Francium.
What are the Alkali Metals?
400
The ability to react with acid is an example of this.
What is a Chemical Property?
500
This is an insoluble solid that is formed during a reaction between two liquid solutions.
What is a Precipitate?
500
Salt is an example of this.
What is a Compound?
500
This is the outermost shell of an atom that contains the electrons used for bonding.
What is the Valence Shell?
500
These the two Families on the Periodic Table that are not composed of Metals.
What are the Halogens and the Noble Gases?
500
Examples of this include cutting a piece of paper, breaking a pencil, water freezing, and ice cream melting.
What are Physical Changes?