Chemistry SOL Review

Scientific Investigation

100

1 Which of these would be best to measure 12.6 mL of liquid ethanol? A 25 mL beaker B 25 mL volumetric flask C 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask D 25 mL graduated cylinder

D 25 mL graduated cylinder

200

4 A compound has a mass of 2.66632 x 10^2 g/mol. The number of significant figures in this mass is — F 2 G 4 H 5 J 6

H 5

300

14 If a sample has a mass of 1.25 x 10^2 g and a volume of 51 mL, what is its density? F 0.00025 g/mL G 0.0125 g/mL H 2.5 g/mL J 250 g/mL

H 2.5 g/mL

400

34 Which is the best use for a fume hood? F Storing glassware G Removing toxic vapors H Covering volatile compounds J Mixing chemicals that release O₂

G Removing toxic vapors

500

47 Which of these best describes the basis on which new scientific ideas are accepted or rejected? A Popular support B Historical support C Compelling evidence D Moral and ethical beliefs

C Compelling evidence

Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships

100

40 An example of a chemical property is — F mass of a substance per unit volume G ability to dissolve in solution H point where solid becomes liquid J tendency to undergo oxidation

J tendency to undergo oxidation

200

26 A student hypothesizes that bromine (Br) has different chemical properties from krypton (Kr). The periodic table supports this hypothesis by indicating that — F bromine is a metal while krypton is a nonmetal G one mole of bromine is heavier than one mole of krypton H bromine and krypton are members of the same family J bromine and krypton have different numbers of valence electrons

J bromine and krypton have different numbers of valence electrons

300

22 Which of the following is a chemical change? F Salt is dissolved in water. G Water is boiled on a stove. H Gasoline combusts in an engine. J Copper metal is stretched into a long wire.

H Gasoline combusts in an engine.

400

17 A chemist is examining an unidentified element sample with oxidation states of +2, +3, and +6. The element has a shielding effect similar to that of potassium (K). Which statement about the unidentified element is most likely true? A It has the same number of neutrons as potassium. B It is a transition metal from the same period as potassium. C It is one of the heaviest elements in potassium’s group. D It is a mix of three unstable isotopes of potassium.

B It is a transition metal from the same period as potassium.

500

10 How many electrons does the iron ion have when it forms the ionic compound FeCl₃? F 20 G 23 H 26 J 29

G 23

Chemical Formulas and Reactions

100

3Covalent bonds mainly occur between — A two nonmetallic elements B two metallic elements C one metallic element and one nonmetallic element D one metalloid and one metallic element

A two nonmetallic elements

200

6 The correct formula for dinitrogen pentoxide is — F N₂O₅ G N₅O H NO₅ J N₂O

F N₂O₅

300

7 When ionic compounds are named, the name of a monatomic anion will end in which of the following suffixes? A -ic B -ite C -ate D -ide

D -ide

400

9 What is the name of the compound with the formula PCl₅? A Phosphorus(I) chloride B Phosphorus(V) chlorine C Phosphorus pentachlorate D Phosphorus pentachloride

D Phosphorus pentachloride

500

Fe₂O₃ + CO --> Fe + CO2 What are the coefficients of the correctly balanced equation? A 1, 3, 2, 3 B 0, 2, 2, 3 C 1, 2, 2, 2 D 2, 6, 4, 3

A 1,3,2,3 

Molar Relationships

100

8 When 1 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in 100 g of water, a solution results. Once the solution is prepared, water is now considered what part of the solution? F Solid G Liquid H Solute J Solvent

J Solvent

200

 If the pH of a solution is 4, what is the pOH? F 0 G 6 H 7 J 10

J 10

300

24 What is the volume occupied by 51.0 g of ammonia (NH₃) gas at STP? F 0.439 L G 22.8 L H 67.2 L J 91.9 L

H 67.2 L

400

39 CH₄ + 2O₂ --> CO₂ + 2H₂O If 1.0 mole of methane reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, what mass of water is produced? A 16 grams B 18 grams C 36 grams D 44 grams

C 36 grams

500

2NH₃ (g) --> N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) The reaction for the decomposition of ammonia (NH₃) can be written as shown. If a student starts with 21.7 g NH₃ of how many grams of hydrogen (H₂) gas will be produced by the reaction? F 1.28 g G 2.55 g H 3.85 g J 32.5 g

H 3.85 g

Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

100

27 A mixture of gases with a pressure of 800 mm Hg contains 10% oxygen and 90% nitrogen by volume. What is the partial pressure of the oxygen gas in the mixture? A 10 mm Hg B 80 mm Hg C 700 mm Hg D 800 mm Hg

B 80 mm Hg

200

If pressure is increased in an equilibrium reaction, which direction would the equilibrium shift towards?

Towards the side with less moles of gas

300

13 If substance X is a liquid, substance Y is a gas, and substance Z is a solid, and all are at the same temperature and pressure, then the order of increasing strength of their intermolecular forces would be — A X < Y < Z B Y < X < Z C Z < Y < X D Y < Z < X

B Y< X

400

Cl₂ + 2KBr --> Br₂ + 2KCl

In this equation, if more Cl₂ is added, which way would this equilibrium shift?

To the right

500

36 The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g*C. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of a 30.0 g block of aluminum from 25.0 C to 75.0 C? F 0.540 J G 1.50 J H 1350 J J 1670 J

H 1350 J