Atomic Structure
proton (1+), neutron (0), electron (1-)
What is an isotope? Give an example.
Atoms of an element containing the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Example: Carbon 12, Carbon 13, Carbon 14
What is a period?
horizontal row in periodic table
As you go down a group in the periodic table, does the atomic radius increase or decrease?
increase
When an electron moves from a higher to lower energy level, the electron...
releases energy as a photon
What is the atomic mass?
protons + neutrons in nucleus
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons if the atomic number is 23, and the atomic mass is 74.
protons-23, electrons-23, neutrons-51
What is a metal?
elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat
The net positive charge experienced by valence electrons.
What is effective nuclear charge?
What is the electron configuration of Titanium?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2
What is the atomic number?
number of protons in nucleus
How many neutrons does He-2 and He-3 have?
He-2 has no neutrons. He-3 has 1 neutron.
What is a nonmetal?
an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity (lacks properties of a metal)
Ionization energy decreases as you go up a group in the periodic table. True or False?
What element has an electron configuration of: [Xe] 6s2?
Ba - Barium
an atom that has the same number of protons and electrons
What is reduction?
What is a metalloid?
an element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals
What is electron affinity?
energy released when an atom in the gas phase accepts an electron
How many electrons do sodium atoms generally lose?
one
An element has the following natural abundances and isotopic masses: 90.92% abundance with 19.99 amu, 0.26% abundance with 20.99 amu, and 8.82% abundance with 21.99 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass of this element.
20.16 amu
The loss of one or more electrons, resulting in a cation which has a net positive charge.
Is Yttrium a transition metal? Why or why not?
Y is a transition metal because it has an incompletely filled d subshell.
What is electronegativity?
the ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
Determine the allowed set of quantum numbers for 3d.
n=3
l=0; ml=0; Ms= +/- 1/2
l=1; ml=-1,0,+1; Ms= +/- 1/2
l=2; ml=-2,-1,0,+1,+2; Ms= +/- 1/2